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Course: Class 11 Physics (India) > Unit 16. Lesson 1: Zeroth and first law of thermodynamics. Macrostates and microstates. Quasistatic and reversible processes. First law of thermodynamics / internal energy. More on internal energy. What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Calculations using the ideal gas equation; Kinetic molecular theory; RMS speed and average kinetic energy of gas molecules ... Understand: thermodynamics; Apply: thermodynamics; Apply: specific heat capacity; Thermodynamics: Quiz 2; First law of thermodynamics: word problems ... Thermodynamic processes; Thermodynamics: Quiz 3; Thermodynamics ...
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The first law of thermodynamics relates the change in the internal energy of a system (ΔE) to the heat transferred (q) and the work done (w). At constant pressure, q is equal to the change in enthalpy (Δ H ) for a process.
The unit connects the areas of kinetics, thermodynamics, equilibrium, and electrochemistry. Learn about entropy, Gibbs free energy, cell potential, electrolysis, and more. Practice what you’ve learned and study for the AP Chemistry exam with more than 70 AP-aligned questions.
The first law of thermodynamics thinks big: it deals with the total amount of energy in the universe, and in particular, it states that this total amount does not change. Put another way, the First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
How the second law of thermodynamics helps us determine whether a process will be spontaneous, and using changes in Gibbs free energy to predict whether a reaction will be spontaneous in the forward or reverse direction (or whether it is at equilibrium!).
What are PV diagrams? Proof: U = (3/2)PV or U = (3/2)nRT. Internal energy. Heat capacity at constant volume and pressure. Applications of first law. Applications of first law - cyclic processes.
What heat means in thermodynamics, and how we can calculate heat using the heat capacity.
Newton's law of cooling can be modeled with the general equation dT/dt=-k(T-Tₐ), whose solutions are T=Ce⁻ᵏᵗ+Tₐ (for cooling) and T=Tₐ-Ce⁻ᵏᵗ (for heating).