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In medicine, public health, and biology, transmission is the passing of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected. [1] The term strictly refers to the transmission of microorganisms directly from one ...
Chain of infection; the chain of events that lead to infection. There is a general chain of events that applies to infections, sometimes called the chain of infection [15] or transmission chain. The chain of events involves several steps – which include the infectious agent, reservoir, entering a susceptible host, exit and transmission to new ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.
Compartmental models are a very general modelling technique. They are often applied to the mathematical modelling of infectious diseases. The population is assigned to compartments with labels – for example, S, I, or R, (S usceptible, I nfectious, or R ecovered). People may progress between compartments. The order of the labels usually shows ...
Cholera. A person with severe dehydration due to cholera, causing sunken eyes and wrinkled hands and skin. Cholera (/ ˈkɒlərə /) is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. [4][3] Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. [3] The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea lasting ...
Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the " white death ", or historically as consumption, [8] is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. [1] Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. [1] Most infections show no symptoms, in which case it is known ...
608,000 (2022) [5] Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates and Anopheles mosquitoes. [6][7][3] Human malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, fatigue, vomiting, and headaches. [1][8] In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or death. [1][9] Symptoms usually begin 10 to 15 days after ...
The term pathogen came into use in the 1880s. [ 2 ][ 3 ] Typically, the term pathogen is used to describe an infectious microorganism or agent, such as a virus, bacterium, protozoan, prion, viroid, or fungus. [ 4 ][ 5 ][ 6 ] Small animals, such as helminths and insects, can also cause or transmit disease. However, these animals are usually ...