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The most important upslope factor in determining flood magnitude is the land area of the watershed upstream of the area of interest. Rainfall intensity is the second most important factor for watersheds of less than approximately 30 square miles or 80 square kilometres. The main channel slope is the second most important factor for larger ...
The Risk Rating 2.0 system is the first major overhaul of NFIP rates since the 1970s. The new rating algorithm takes more factors into account and is designed to present more fairly-priced flood ...
Flash flood. A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm, or by meltwater from ice or snow flowing over ice sheets or snowfields. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural ice ...
Flood forecasting. Flood forecasting is the process of predicting the occurrence, magnitude, timing, and duration of floods in a specific area, often by analysing various hydrological, meteorological, and environmental factors. The primary goal of flood forecasting is to deliver timely and accurate information to decision-makers, empowering ...
A flood risk assessment (FRA) is an assessment of the risk of flooding from all flooding mechanisms, the identification of flood mitigation measures and should provide advice on actions to be taken before and during a flood. The sources of water which produce floods include: Groundwater (saturated groundwater) Vadose (water flowing the ground ...
Factor Z1 is interpolated from figures [2] based on the values of M5-2 days and "r". Factor Z2 (the growth factor) is found from the M5 rainfall depth, and depends on the return period. The Areal Reduction Factor (ARF) takes the catchment area into account. For small catchments (below 1 km 2) the ARF is not required.
Flood control. A weir was built on the Humber River (Ontario) to prevent a recurrence of a catastrophic flood. Flood control (or flood mitigation, protection or alleviation) methods are used to reduce or prevent the detrimental effects of flood waters. [1][2] Flooding can be caused by a mix of both natural processes, such as extreme weather ...
Urban flooding. Flooding in Porto Alegre of the Lagoa dos Patos in Brazil during May 2024. Urban flooding is the inundation of land or property in cities or other built environment, caused by rainfall or coastal storm surges overwhelming the capacity of drainage systems, such as storm sewers.
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