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The duplex rule was invented by William Cox in 1891 and was produced by Keuffel and Esser Co. of New York. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] In 1881, the American inventor Edwin Thacher introduced his cylindrical rule, which had a much longer scale than standard linear rules and thus could calculate to higher precision, about four to five significant digits.
It was designated a New York City landmark in 2005. [1] In the first decade of the 20th century, Keuffel and Esser introduced a new line of surveying instruments based on the work of John Paoli, an Italian immigrant in Hoboken. A new Keuffel and Esser Manufacturing Complex was built in 1906, after the previous building was destroyed by fire. [2]
It was around this time that engineering became a recognized profession, resulting in widespread slide rule use in Europe–but not in the United States. There Edwin Thacher's cylindrical rule took hold after 1881. The duplex rule was invented by William Cox in 1891, and was produced by Keuffel and Esser Co. of New York. [51] [52]
A cylindrical slide rule (invented by George Fuller in 1878) In 1939, Locke donated his large collection to the Smithsonian Institution. [8] According to the Smithsonian, Locke had initially intended his collection to go to the Museums of the Peaceful Arts in New York, but the museum closed before he could do so. [4]
William Oughtred (5 March 1574 – 30 June 1660), [1] also Owtred, Uhtred, etc., was an English mathematician and Anglican clergyman. [2] [3] [4] After John Napier discovered logarithms and Edmund Gunter created the logarithmic scales (lines, or rules) upon which slide rules are based, Oughtred was the first to use two such scales sliding by one another to perform direct multiplication and ...
Keuffel and Esser 7" slide rule (5" scale, 1954) [1] A slide rule scale is a line with graduated markings inscribed along the length of a slide rule used for mathematical calculations. The earliest such device had a single logarithmic scale for performing multiplication and division, but soon an improved technique was developed which involved ...
The company was noted for its production of slide rules, which Dietzgen started in 1898 after acquiring a patent from John Givan Davis Mack (1867–1924). His company's Mack Improved Mannheim Simplex Slide Rule sold from 1902 to 1912 for $4.50.
The Geniac brand cylindrical slide rule sold by Oliver Garfield Company in New York was initially a relabelled Otis King; Garfield later made his own, probably unauthorized version of the Otis King (around 1959). The UK patents covering the mechanical device(s) would have expired in about 1941–1942 (i.e. 20 years after filing of the patent ...