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During the 5th century BC, a series of reforms were passed (the leges Valeria Horatio or the "laws of the consuls Valerius and Horatius"), which ultimately required that any law passed by the Plebeian Council have the full force of law over both plebeians and Patricians. This gave the plebeian tribunes, who presided over the Plebeian Council, a ...
Plebeian military tribunes served in 399, 396, 383, and 379, but in all other years between 444 and 376 BC, every consul or military tribune with consular powers was a patrician. [ i ] [ 15 ] [ 14 ] Beginning in 376, Gaius Licinius Calvus Stolo and Lucius Sextius Lateranus , tribunes of the plebs, used the veto power to prevent the election of ...
The following is a list of Roman tribunes as reported by ancient sources.. A tribune in ancient Rome was a person who held one of a number of offices, including tribune of the plebs (a political office to represent the interests of the plebs), Military tribune (a rank in the Roman army), Tribune of the Celeres (the commander of the king's personal bodyguard), and various other positions.
Tribunes of the Plebs were also charged with protecting the plebeian interests against the patrician oligarchy. [6] In 492 BC, the office of Tribune was acknowledged by the patricians, thereby creating a legitimate assembly of plebeians (Concilium Plebis). [5] After 494 BC, a plebeian tribune always presided over the Plebeian Curiate Assembly.
Tribune (Latin: Tribunus) was the title of various elected officials in ancient Rome.The two most important were the tribunes of the plebs and the military tribunes.For most of Roman history, a college of ten tribunes of the plebs acted as a check on the authority of the senate and the annual magistrates, holding the power of ius intercessionis to intervene on behalf of the plebeians, and veto ...
The number of consular tribunes varied between three and six, and because they were considered colleagues of the two censors, there is sometimes mention of the "eight tribunes". [7] Originally patrician office holders, they were referred to as military tribunes and were responsible for leading the armies into battle. It was only much later that ...
When not enough tribunes were elected in 401 BC, the patricians attempted to have some of their number co-opted to the office. In this they failed, but two plebeians were still chosen as tribunes by co-optation, to the great annoyance of their colleague, Gnaeus Trebonius, whose name was attached to the flouted law. [10] [11]
However, the patrician class, made up of elite families, quickly began to dominate the political scene at the expense of the majority, the plebeians. The conflicts between the patricians and plebeians came to be known as the Conflict of the Orders. By 290 BC these conflicts largely came to an end when plebeian consuls were introduced.