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Dumuzid or Dumuzi or Tammuz (Sumerian: ๐๐ฃ, romanized: Dumuzid; Akkadian: Duสพลซzu, Dûzu; Hebrew: ืชึทึผืึผืึผื, romanized: Tammลซz), [a] [b] known to the Sumerians as Dumuzid the Shepherd (Sumerian: ๐๐ฃ๐บ๐ป, romanized: Dumuzid sipad) [3] and to the Canaanites as Adon (Phoenician: ๐ค๐ค๐ค; Proto-Hebrew: ๐ค๐ค๐ค), is an ancient Mesopotamian and Levantine deity ...
The Code of Ur-Nammu, the oldest such codification yet discovered, dating to the Ur III, reveals a glimpse at societal structure in late Sumerian law. Beneath the lu-gal ("great man" or king), all members of society belonged to one of two basic strata: The "lu" or free person, and the slave (male, arad; female geme).
The second Sumerian tradition which compares men to plants, made to "break through the ground", an allusion to imagery of the fertility or mother goddess and giving an image of man being "planted" in the ground. [18] Wayne Horowitz notes that five Sumerian myths recount a creation scene with the separation of heaven and earth.
This disputation is also the only of the six Sumerian disputations to lack a cosmogony in its prologue. [3] In place of the cosmogony is a hymn [4] or a series of epithets addressed to Hoe (such as "child of a poor man") covering the first 5 lines. The disputation itself begins when Hoe declares that "I want to dispute with Plow!"
Agriculture was the main economic activity in ancient Mesopotamia.Operating under harsh constraints, notably the arid climate, the Mesopotamian farmers developed effective strategies that enabled them to support the development of the first known empires, under the supervision of the institutions which dominated the economy: the royal and provincial palaces, the temples, and the domains of the ...
Apkallu or and Abgal (๐ฃ๐จ; Akkadian and Sumerian, respectively [1]) are terms found in cuneiform inscriptions that in general mean either "wise" or "sage".. In several contexts the Apkallu are seven demigods, sometimes described as part man and part fish or bird, associated with human wisdom; these creatures are often referred to in scholarly literature as the Seven Sages.
NOTE: Since the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians and others all shared essentially the same pantheon and belief systems, the Sumerian and Akkadian (and Assyro-Babylonian) articles should be combined under the Mesopotamian mythology / deities / legendary creatures categories.
He is the oldest literary representation of the wild man, a recurrent motif in artistic representations in Mesopotamia and in Ancient Near East literature. The apparition of Enkidu as a primitive man seems to be a potential parallel of the Old Babylonian version (1300–1000 BC), in which he was depicted as a servant-warrior in the Sumerian poems.