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On 8 September 1920, D'Annunzio proclaimed the city to be under the Italian Regency of Carnaro with a constitution foreshadowing some of the later Italian Fascist system, with himself as dictator, with the title of the Comandante. The name Carnaro was taken from the Golfo del Carnaro (Kvarner Gulf), where the city is located
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D'Annunzio has been described as the John the Baptist of Italian fascism, [8] as virtually the entire ritual of Fascism was invented by D'Annunzio during his occupation of Fiume and his leadership of the Italian Regency of Carnaro. [36] These included the balcony address, the Roman salute, the cries of "Eia, eia, eia! Alala!"
The League of Fiume (Italian: Lega di Fiume) was one of the many political experiments that took place during the Italian Regency of Carnaro period when Gabriele d'Annunzio and the intellectuals that took part with him in the Fiume Endeavor attempted to establish a movement of non-aligned nations.
The territory of Fiume after the end of World War I was involved in a series of events that, after various military occupations (the longest lasting was the one led by Gabriele D'Annunzio, also called the Italian Regency of Carnaro), saw the creation of an ephemeral successor entity in the Free State of Fiume.
The Province of Fiume (or Province of Carnaro) was a province of the Kingdom of Italy from 1924 to 1943, then under control of the Italian Social Republic and German Wehrmacht from 1943 to 1945. Its capital was the city of Fiume. It took the other name after the Gulf of Carnaro (Golfo del Carnaro).
The Bloody Christmas (Croatian: Riječki krvavi božić; Italian: Natale di sangue) of 1920 was a series of clashes in Fiume (now Rijeka, Croatia), which led to the conclusion of the Fiume campaign that was carried out by the Italian poet, adventurer, and proto-fascist Gabriele D'Annunzio in 1920.
Riproduzione dello stemma della Reggenza Italiana del Carnaro 1919-20. (Lo stemma nasce da un bozzetto di Gabriele D’Annunzio ma disegnato e perfezionato da Adolfo De Carolis, esso rappresenta un serpente d’oro squamato che fa cerchio mordendosi la coda. Dentro il cerchio del serpente le sette stelle dell’Orsa Maggiore.