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This article contains a list with gratis (but not necessarily open source) satellite navigation (or "GPS") software for a range of devices (PC, laptop, tablet PC, mobile phone, handheld PC (Pocket PC, Palm)).
Atmospheric drag at orbital altitude is caused by frequent collisions of gas molecules with the satellite. It is the major cause of orbital decay for satellites in low Earth orbit. It results in the reduction in the altitude of a satellite's orbit. For the case of Earth, atmospheric drag resulting in satellite re-entry can be described by the ...
Typically, the altitude of a satellite in a frozen orbit remains constant at the same point in each revolution over a long period of time. [1] Variations in the inclination , position of the apsis of the orbit, and eccentricity have been minimized by choosing initial values so that their perturbations cancel out. [ 2 ]
A zombie satellite is a satellite that begins communicating again after an extended period of inactivity. It is a type of space debris, which describes all defunct human-made objects in outer space. At the end of their service life, the majority of satellites suffer from orbital decay and are destroyed by the heat of atmospheric entry. Zombie ...
The Block IIR-M satellites include a new military signal and a more robust civil signal, known as L2C. [17] There are eight satellites in the Block IIR-M series, which were built by Lockheed Martin. [18] The first Block IIR-M satellite was launched on 26 September 2005. The final launch of a IIR-M was on 17 August 2009. [19]
The constellation of Molniya-orbiting satellites uses three satellites on different orbital planes, with apogees comparable to those of the geostationary satellites. A Molniya orbit (Russian: Молния , IPA: [ˈmolnʲɪjə] ⓘ , "Lightning") is a type of satellite orbit designed to provide communications and remote sensing coverage over ...
The 2009 satellite collision entirely obliterated both spacecraft and resulted in the creation of an estimated 1,000 new pieces of space debris larger than 10 cm (4 in) and many smaller ones. [ 2 ] There are other smaller bits of material in orbit around Earth that could also cause significant damage to satellites.
Strictly speaking, a satellite collision is when two satellites collide while in orbit around a third, much larger body, such as a planet or moon. This definition is typically loosely extended to include collisions between sub-orbital or escape-velocity objects with an object in orbit.