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Pope Alexander III (r. 1159–81) created 68 cardinals in fifteen consistories he held throughout his pontificate. This included the elevation of his two future successors Urban III and Clement III and he also elevated a cardinal whom he later named as a saint.
Pope Alexander III (c. 1100/1105 – 30 August 1181), born Roland (Italian: Rolando), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 September 1159 until his death in 1181. A native of Siena , Alexander became pope after a contested election , but had to spend much of his pontificate outside Rome while several rivals ...
In September 1159, Rolando Bandinelli was elected pope by the Sicilian and neutral factions of cardinals, and took the name Alexander III. [1] The Sicilian faction's attempt to place the purple mantle upon Alexander was interrupted by the Imperialist faction and an armed group entering the basilica. [1]
When Pope Adrian IV died in 1159, the divided cardinals elected two popes: Roland of Siena, who took the name of Alexander III, and Octavian of Rome who, though nominated by fewer cardinals, was supported by Frederick and assumed the name of Pope Victor IV. [1]
The papal election held from 4 to 7 September 1159 following the death of Pope Adrian IV resulted in the election of two rival popes.A majority of the cardinals elected Cardinal Rolando of Siena as Pope Alexander III, but a minority refused to recognize him and elected their own candidate, Ottaviano de Monticelli, who took the name Victor IV, creating a schism that lasted until 1178.
Pope Alexander III died on August 30, 1181, in Civita Castellana. [6] Two days later, on September 1, 1181, the cardinals assembled at Rome (probably at Lateran or Vatican Basilica) [7] and unanimously elected the senior member of the Sacred College, Cardinal Ubaldo of Lucca, Bishop of Ostia.
Pages in category "Cardinals created by Pope Alexander III" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
In June 1179, Cardinal Theodinus was acting as a judicial procurator for Alexander III in the pope's legal actions to recover territory, property, and damages from members of the Frangipani family with regard to Olibano, Ancarano, Piperno, Cisterna, Columpna, Cornaczano and Fusignano. [16]