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However, early memories are notoriously sparse from the perspective of an adult trying to recall his or her childhood in depth. Explicit knowledge of the world is a form of declarative memory , which can be broken down further into semantic memory , and episodic memory , which encompasses both autobiographical memory and event memory.
The number of early childhood memories a person can recall depends on many factors, including the emotion associated with the event, their age at the time of the remembered event and the age at the time they are asked to recall an early memory. [8]
The development of memory is a lifelong process that continues through adulthood. Development etymologically refers to a progressive unfolding. Memory development tends to focus on periods of infancy, toddlers, children, and adolescents, yet the developmental progression of memory in adults and older adults is also circumscribed under the umbrella of memory development.
Memory capacity involves the state of maturity and plasticity of the brain and can impair memory performance especially in terms of interference. [4] The development of brain function has a great influence on memory capacity which is responsible for the performance of memory. This includes verbal expression, object recognition, etc.
Adolescence and early adulthood have been described as important times in memory encoding because individuals typically recall a disproportionate number of autobiographical memories from those periods. [3] [4] The reminiscence bump accounts for this disproportionate number of memories.
Toddlers, like older children and adults, are more likely to remember a series of events if causal relationships were present that linked the elements in the series. Other notable work on the development of memory is Bauer and colleagues' SRCD monograph on Parameters of Remembering and Forgetting in the Transition from Infancy to Early Childhood.
Recall is a major part of memory so the history of the study of memory in general also provides a history of the study of recall. Hermann Ebbinghaus In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus created nonsense syllables , combinations of letters that do not follow grammatical rules and have no meaning, to test his own memory.
Language development appears to play a significant role in the development and use of the self-reference effect. Verbal labeling is among the first strategic behaviors shown by young children in order to enhance memory, and as children progress in age and language development, their performance on memory tasks involving self-referencing ...