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In linguistics, hortative modalities (/ ˈ h ɔːr t ə t ɪ v / ⓘ; abbreviated HORT) are verbal expressions used by the speaker to encourage or discourage an action. Different hortatives can be used to express greater or lesser intensity, or the speaker's attitude, for or against it.
The Romanian sentence, acolo s-o fi dus "he must have gone there" shows the basic presupposition use, while the following excerpt from a poem by Eminescu shows the use both in a conditional clause de-o fi "suppose it is" and in a main clause showing an attitude of submission to fate le-om duce "we would bear".
e IPFV. TAM hina’aro like na DEIX vau SG tō DEF mei’a banana ra DEIX e hina’aro na vau tō mei’a ra IPFV.TAM like DEIX SG DEF banana DEIX 'I would like those bananas (you mentioned).' Mortlockese Mortlockese is an Austronesian language made up of eleven dialects over the eleven atolls that make up the Mortlock Islands in Micronesia. Various TAM markers are used in the language. Mood ...
The declarative sentence is the most common kind of sentence in language, in most situations, and in a way can be considered the default function of a sentence. What this means essentially is that when a language modifies a sentence in order to form a question or give a command, the base form will always be the declarative.
li-yaf‘al-hu to-do. JUS. 3SG. MASC -it li-yaf‘al-hu to-do.JUS.3SG.MASC-it 'Have him do it.' A further use of this mood is in negative commands. لا تأخذ ذلك اللحم lā not ta’xudh take. JUS. 2SG. MASC dhālika that l-laḥm the-meat lā ta’xudh dhālika l-laḥm not take.JUS.2SG.MASC that the-meat 'Don't take that meat.' The jussive form is also used in past tense sentences ...
Imperative mood is often expressed using special conjugated verb forms. Like other finite verb forms, imperatives often inflect for person and number.Second-person imperatives (used for ordering or requesting performance directly from the person being addressed) are most common, but some languages also have imperative forms for the first and third persons (alternatively called cohortative and ...
The sentence in (1) might be spoken by someone who has decided that all of the relevant facts in a particular murder investigation point to the conclusion that Agatha was the murderer, even though it may or may not actually be the case.
It is one of the optative mood forms that survived (archaic) in Lithuanian.It exists only in the 3rd person. [2] For example, a permissive mood of verb tekti (to run, to flow; about liquids; teka, "[it] runs") is tetekiė́ (let [it] run).