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The Sun is currently the only star in its cubic parsec, [c] (pc 3) but in globular clusters the stellar density could be from 100–1000 pc −3. The observational volume of gravitational wave interferometers (e.g., LIGO, Virgo) is stated in terms of cubic megaparsecs [c] (Mpc 3) and is essentially the value of the effective distance cubed.
The p-value for the permutation test is the proportion of the r values generated in step (2) that are larger than the Pearson correlation coefficient that was calculated from the original data. Here "larger" can mean either that the value is larger in magnitude, or larger in signed value, depending on whether a two-sided or one-sided test is ...
Principal component analysis (PCA) is a linear dimensionality reduction technique with applications in exploratory data analysis, visualization and data preprocessing.. The data is linearly transformed onto a new coordinate system such that the directions (principal components) capturing the largest variation in the data can be easily identified.
Peace of mind is priceless. But having an accurate value of your personal property can help protect you from loss, damage, or theft. As a best practice, keep an updated inventory of your personal ...
As of 2010 the fastest PC processor reached 109 gigaFLOPS (Intel Core i7 980 XE) [51] in double precision calculations. GPUs are considerably more powerful. For example, Nvidia Tesla C2050 GPU computing processors perform around 515 gigaFLOPS [52] in double precision calculations, and the AMD FireStream 9270 peaks at 240 gigaFLOPS. [53]
A simple arithmetic calculator was first included with Windows 1.0. [5]In Windows 3.0, a scientific mode was added, which included exponents and roots, logarithms, factorial-based functions, trigonometry (supports radian, degree and gradians angles), base conversions (2, 8, 10, 16), logic operations, statistical functions such as single variable statistics and linear regression.
The percent value can also be found by multiplying first instead of later, so in this example, the 50 would be multiplied by 100 to give 5,000, and this result would be divided by 1,250 to give 4%. To calculate a percentage of a percentage, convert both percentages to fractions of 100, or to decimals, and multiply them. For example, 50% of 40% is:
When the system size goes to infinity, P(p) will be a step function at the threshold value p c. For finite large systems, P(p c) is a constant whose value depends upon the shape of the system; for the square system discussed above, P(p c)= 1 ⁄ 2 exactly for any lattice by a simple symmetry argument. There are other signatures of the critical ...