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Godfrey of Bouillon holds a short Lucerne hammer.Anachronistic fresco dated 1420. Warrior holding a poleaxe in the coat of arms of Alytus County, Lithuania. The poleaxe design arose from the need to breach the plate armour of men at arms during the 14th and 15th centuries.
Polearms and basket-hilted swords in the Great Hall of Edinburgh Castle.The polearm on the right is a Lochaber axe; the other two are halberds. The Lochaber axe is first recorded in 1501, as an "old Scottish batale ax of Lochaber fasoun".
In the 13th century, variants on the Danish axe are seen. Described in English as a "sparth" (from the Old Norse sparðr) [6] or "pale-axe", [7] the weapon featured a larger head with broader blade, the rearward part of the crescent sweeping up to contact (or even be attached to) the haft. In Ireland, this axe was known as a "sparr axe".
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The three most common types of Chinese polearms are the ge (戈), qiang (槍), and ji (戟). They are translated into English as dagger-axe, spear, and halberd. [1] Dagger-axes were originally a short slashing weapon with a 0.9–1.8 m (2 ft 11 in – 5 ft 11 in) long shaft, but around the 4th century BC a spearhead was added to the blade, and it became a halberd.
"Poleaxe" is the medieval name used by the English for the long-handled footman's warhammer, regardless of whether it actually had an axe head or not. These same weapons could be called bec-de-corbin, or bec-de-faucon in French (depending on the shape of the back spike,) or fussstreithammer in German, or martello d'arme in Italian.
15th-century culveriners. By the early 15th century, both armies had a wide variety of gunpowder weapons. [1] Large guns were developed, known as bombards (French bombardes), weighing up to 3 tonnes and firing stone balls of up to 150 kg (300 lbs), which seem to have been more prevalent among the French than among the English until 1420. [1]
Maces, war hammers, and pollaxes (poleaxes) were used to inflict blunt force trauma through armour. Strong blows to the head could result in concussion , even if the armour is not penetrated. Fluted plate was not only decorative, but also reinforced the plate against bending under striking or blunt impact.