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Party identification is typically determined by the political party that an individual most commonly supports (by voting or other means). Some researchers view party identification as "a form of social identity ", [ 1 ] [ 2 ] in the same way that a person identifies with a religious or ethnic group.
The Michigan model is a theory of voter choice, based primarily on sociological and party identification factors. Originally proposed by political scientists, beginning with an investigation of the 1952 Presidential election, [1] at the University of Michigan's Survey Research Centre.
Political identity is a form of social identity marking membership of certain groups that share a common struggle for a certain form of power. This can include identification with a political party, [1] but also positions on specific political issues, nationalism, [2] inter-ethnic relations or more abstract ideological themes.
Underlying this search was the early recognition of the importance of leadership [32] and the assumption that leadership is rooted in the characteristics that certain individuals possess. This idea that leadership is based on individual attributes is known as the "trait theory of leadership".
The Voter Decides developed three theories as to how a person acquires Party ID. 1) Party attachment, like church preference, may be passed down from parent to child. 2) It may be the case that people remain in the same class, ethnic and religious groups as their parents and are subject to the same group influences as their parents.
In both democratic and non-democratic countries, the party leader is often the foremost member of a larger party leadership. A party executive will commonly include administrative positions, like a party secretary and a party chair, who may be different people from the party leader. [54] [55] These executive organizations may serve to constrain ...
In political contexts, cadre (/ ˈ k ɑː d r ə /, also UK: / ˈ k ɑː d ər /, also US: / ˈ k ɑː d r eɪ /) consists of persons with leadership skills within a political organization.In some socialist states, cadre is a group of people trained to carry out the goals of the Party-State and disseminate and enforce the official ideology.
The leader of the party with most of the representation (sometimes called the party-in-power) in each case is known as the majority leader, whereas the leader of the opposing party with the most members is known as the minority leader. Party leaders in the United States Senate have been elected by their respective political parties' caucuses ...