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The tetranucleotide hypothesis of Phoebus Levene [1] proposed that DNA was composed of repeating sequences of four nucleotides. [2] It was very influential for three decades, and was developed by Levene at least into the 1910, and the diagram at the right illustrates the view of Levene and Tipson. [3] In 1940, at the time of Levene's death ...
Phoebus Aaron Theodore Levene (25 February 1869 – 6 September 1940) was a Russian-born American biochemist who studied the structure and function of nucleic acids. He characterized the different forms of nucleic acid, DNA from RNA , and found that DNA contained adenine , guanine , thymine , cytosine , deoxyribose , and a phosphate group.
Hershey–Chase experiment. The Hershey–Chase experiments were a series of experiments conducted in 1952 [1] by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase that helped to confirm that DNA is genetic material. While DNA had been known to biologists since 1869, [2] many scientists still assumed at the time that proteins carried the information for ...
Erwin Chargaff (11 August 1905 – 20 June 2002) was an Austro-Hungarian-born American biochemist, writer, and professor of biochemistry at Columbia University medical school. [1] A Bucovinian Jew who emigrated to the United States during the Nazi regime, he penned a well-reviewed [2][3] autobiography, Heraclitean Fire: Sketches from a Life ...
Hyder, Avery, MacLeod and McCarty used strands of purified DNA such as this, precipitated from solutions of cell components, to perform bacterial transformations. The Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment was an experimental demonstration by Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty that, in 1944, reported that DNA is the substance that causes bacterial transformation, in an era when it ...
[191] [192] [193] In 1929, Levene identified deoxyribose sugar in "thymus nucleic acid" (DNA). [194] Levene suggested that DNA consisted of a string of four nucleotide units linked together through the phosphate groups ("tetranucleotide hypothesis"). Levene thought the chain was short and the bases repeated in a fixed order.
Levene's test. In statistics, Levene's test is an inferential statistic used to assess the equality of variances for a variable calculated for two or more groups. [1] This test is used because some common statistical procedures assume that variances of the populations from which different samples are drawn are equal.
The central dogma of molecular biology deals with the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It is often stated as "DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes protein", [1] although this is not its original meaning. It was first stated by Francis Crick in 1957, [2][3] then published in 1958: [4][5]