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Cooper test. The cooper test which was designed by Kenneth H. Cooper in 1968 for US military use is a physical fitness test. [1][2][3] In its original form, the point of the test is to run as far as possible within 12 minutes. Pacing is important, as the participant will not cover a maximal distance if they begin with a pace too close to an all ...
The marathon (from Greek Μαραθώνιος) is a long-distance foot race with a distance of 42.195 km (c. 26 mi 385 yd), [ 1 ] usually run as a road race, but the distance can be covered on trail routes. The marathon can be completed by running or with a run/walk strategy. There are also wheelchair divisions.
That is, 7.92 units of distance are equivalent to 1 unit of climb. For convenience an 8 to 1 rule can be used. So, for example, if a route is 20 kilometres (12 mi) with 1600 metres of climb (as is the case on leg 1 of the Bob Graham Round , Keswick to Threlkeld), the equivalent flat distance of this route is 20+(1.6×8)=32.8 kilometres (20.4 mi).
Endurance running is often a component of physical military training. Long-distance running as a form of tradition or ceremony is known among the Hopi and Tarahumara people, among others. [4][5] In the sport of athletics, long-distance events are defined as races covering 3 km (1.9 mi) and above. The three most common types are track running ...
Biomechanics of sprint running. Sprinting involves a quick acceleration phase followed by a velocity maintenance phase. During the initial stage of sprinting, the runners have their upper body tilted forward in order to direct ground reaction forces more horizontally. As they reach their maximum velocity, the torso straightens out into an ...
Edit distance. In computational linguistics and computer science, edit distance is a string metric, i.e. a way of quantifying how dissimilar two strings (e.g., words) are to one another, that is measured by counting the minimum number of operations required to transform one string into the other. Edit distances find applications in natural ...
World Championships. 1987–present. An ultramarathon is a footrace longer than the traditional marathon distance of 42.195 kilometres (26 mi 385 yd). The sport of running ultramarathons is called ultra running or ultra distance running. Various distances, surfaces, and formats are raced competitively, from the shortest common ultramarathon of ...
The renormalization group provides a formal way to derive the running of a coupling, yet the phenomenology underlying that running can be understood intuitively. [4] As explained in the introduction, the coupling constant sets the magnitude of a force which behaves with distance as 1 / r 2 {\displaystyle 1/r^{2}} .