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Second-generation anticoagulants registered in the United States include brodifacoum, bromadiolone, difenacoum, and difethialone. Other rodenticides that currently are registered to control mice include bromethalin, cholecalciferol and zinc phosphide.
The second-generation anticoagulants are more acutely toxic than first-generation anticoagulant rodenticides. Their superior potency is related to their greater affinity for vitamin K-epoxide reductase.
Containing four pesticides that pose the greatest risk to non-target wildlife (called second generation anticoagulants – brodifacoum, bromadiolone, difenacoum, and difethialone). Baits containing these poisons may still be used in homes by pest control professionals.
Now within the anticoagulant category it breaks down into two further categories of first generation anticoagulant rodenticides and second generation anticoagulant rodenticides. So let’s talk about those specific products within those particular categories.
Second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides have median lethal doses (LD 50) that are 2.5–200 times lower than those of first-generation anticoagulant rodenticides and generally require only a single feeding to result in the death of the target species.
The second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs) are substantially more potent than the first-generation compounds, and a lethal dose can be ingested in a single feeding. Included in this class of rodenticides are the compounds difenacoum, brodifacoum, bromadiolone and difethialone.
Second generation anti-coagulant rodenticides (SGARs) The majority of current SGARs are modified versions of the 4-hydroxycoumarin compound ( Watt et al., 2005 ), though one SGAR, difethialone, is a derivative of benzothiopyranone, a compound similar to 4-hyroxycoumarin ( Berny, 2011 ).
Chemicals considered “second generation” anticoagulants (SGARs) are highly toxic after a single feeding and include brodifacoum, difenacoum, and bromadiolone.
Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs) are widely used to control rodents around the world. However, contamination by SGARs is detectable in many non-target species, particularly carnivorous mammals or birds-of-prey that hunt or scavenge on poisoned rodents.
All these birds were victims of “second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides” used by exterminators, farmers, and homeowners. They’re found in such brand names as d-Con, Hot Shot, Generation, Talon, and Havoc, and they sell briskly because of our consuming hatred of rats and mice.