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According to the DSM-5 there are 3 major categories of bipolar disorder: Bipolar I, Bipolar II, and Bipolar Not Otherwise Specified (NOS). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Just as in adults, bipolar I is the most severe form of PBD in children and adolescents, and can impair sleep, general function, and lead to hospitalization. [ 2 ]
The K-SADS-PL is used to screen for affective and psychotic disorders as well as other disorders, including, but not limited to Major Depressive Disorder, Mania, Bipolar Disorders, Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Generalized Anxiety, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. [4]
Bipolar disorder is a mental disorder with cyclical periods of depression and periods of elevated mood. [1] The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania, a severe elevation that can be accompanied by psychosis in some cases, or hypomania, a milder form of mania.
The MDQ was developed as a screening tool for bipolar disorder, and assesses symptoms of mania and hypomania [6] It was developed in the hopes that it would reduce the mis-diagnosis and delayed diagnosis of bipolar disorder. [6] The first 13 items on the measure ask about any manic/hypomanic symptoms that may have occurred during one's lifetime ...
The parent rates the behavior on a scale from 1 to 4, where 1=never/rarely, 2=sometimes, 3=often, and 4=very often. A clinician examines the total score and determines if the child has ADHD or Bipolar Disorder. If a diagnosis Bipolar Disorder is deemed to be appropriate, the clinician will also determine the sub-type.
The General Behavior Inventory (GBI) is a 73-question psychological self-report assessment tool designed by Richard Depue [1] [2] [failed verification] and colleagues to identify the presence and severity of manic and depressive moods in adults, as well as to assess for cyclothymia.
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Clinical studies have demonstrated the reliability and validity of the parent version of the scale, which has been found to provide "clinically meaningful information about mood disorders in youth." The P-YMRS does succeed in identifying most cases of childhood bipolar disorder, but it has an extremely high false positive rate.