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That first cell phone began a fundamental technology and communications market shift to making phone calls to a person instead of to a place. [6] [19] Bell Labs had introduced the idea of cellular communications in 1947, but their first systems were limited to car phones which required roughly 30 pounds (12 kg) of equipment in the trunk. [21]
(Modern cellular networks allow automatic and pervasive use of mobile phones for voice- and data communication.) In the United States, engineers from Bell Labs began work on a system to allow mobile users to place and receive telephone calls from automobiles, leading to the inauguration of mobile service on 17 June 1946 in St. Louis, Missouri.
1971: AT&T submitted a proposal for cellular phone service to the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC). 3 April 1973: Motorola employee Martin Cooper placed the first hand-held cell phone call to Joel Engel, head of research at AT&T's Bell Labs, while talking on the first Motorola DynaTAC prototype.
It was used to send a Christmas greeting to the world from U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. In 1960 NASA launched an Echo satellite; the 100-foot (30 m) aluminized PET film balloon served as a passive reflector for radio communications. Courier 1B, built by Philco, also launched in 1960, was the world's first active repeater satellite ...
Analog cellular technologies that were used were: [6] Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) [9] Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) Total Access Communication System (TACS) developed in the United Kingdom and also some other parts of the world; C-450 developed in West Germany and also adopted in Portugal and South Africa; Radiocom 2000 in France ...
Receiver schematic, c.1906 A German rotary dial telephone, the W48 Top of cellular telephone tower By 1904, over three million phones were connected by manual switchboard exchanges in the U.S. [ 33 ] By 1914, the U.S. was the world leader in telephone density and had more than twice the teledensity of Sweden, New Zealand, Switzerland, and Norway.
In 1979, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) launched the world's first cellular network in Japan. [3] In 1983, the DynaTAC 8000x was the first commercially available handheld mobile phone. From 1983 to 2014, worldwide mobile phone subscriptions grew to over seven billion; enough to provide one for every person on Earth. [ 4 ]
The development of digital data communications methods made it ... In 2002, only 10% of the world's ... US 3,663,762—Cellular Mobile Communication ...