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Due to the minus sign, higher values of pIC 50 indicate exponentially more potent inhibitors. pIC 50 is usually given in terms of molar concentration (mol/L, or M), thus requiring IC 50 in units of M. [2] The IC 50 terminology is also used for some behavioral measures in vivo, such as the two bottle fluid consumption test.
The chart was designed by Ian Bailey [5] and Jan E. Lovie-Kitchin at the National Vision Research Institute of Australia. [1] [3] They described their motivation for designing the LogMAR chart as follows: "We have designed a series of near vision charts in which the typeface, size progression, size range, number of words per row and spacings were chosen in an endeavour to achieve a ...
The apparent dimension of this K value is concentration 1−p−q; this may be written as M (1−p−q) or mM (1−p−q), where the symbol M signifies a molar concentration (1M = 1 mol dm −3). The apparent dimension of a dissociation constant is the reciprocal of the apparent dimension of the corresponding association constant, and vice versa.
In statistics, the phi coefficient (or mean square contingency coefficient and denoted by φ or r φ) is a measure of association for two binary variables.. In machine learning, it is known as the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and used as a measure of the quality of binary (two-class) classifications, introduced by biochemist Brian W. Matthews in 1975.
The exact definition of the term varies slightly between different areas of optics. Numerical aperture is commonly used in microscopy to describe the acceptance cone of an objective (and hence its light-gathering ability and resolution ), and in fiber optics , in which it describes the range of angles within which light that is incident on the ...
Apparent magnitude (m) is a measure of the brightness of a star, astronomical object or other celestial objects like artificial satellites. Its value depends on its intrinsic luminosity , its distance, and any extinction of the object's light caused by interstellar dust along the line of sight to the observer.
In a third layer, the logarithms of rational numbers r = a / b are computed with ln(r) = ln(a) − ln(b), and logarithms of roots via ln n √ c = 1 / n ln(c).. The logarithm of 2 is useful in the sense that the powers of 2 are rather densely distributed; finding powers 2 i close to powers b j of other numbers b is comparatively easy, and series representations of ln(b) are ...
This, together with the measured density ρ of the sample, allows the molar volume V m to be determined: =, where M u is the molar mass constant. The CODATA value for the molar volume of silicon is 1.205 883 199 (60) × 10 −5 m 3 ⋅mol −1 , with a relative standard uncertainty of 4.9 × 10 −8 .