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Real GDP is an example of the distinction between real and nominal values in economics.Nominal gross domestic product is defined as the market value of all final goods produced in a geographical region, usually a country; this depends on the quantities of goods and services produced, and their respective prices.
Real GDP can be used to calculate the GDP growth rate, which indicates how much a country's production has increased (or decreased, if the growth rate is negative) compared to the previous year, typically expressed as percentage change. The economic growth can be expressed as real GDP growth rate or real GDP per capita growth rate.
Real value takes into account inflation and the value of an asset in relation to its purchasing power. In macroeconomics, the real gross domestic product compensates for inflation so economists can exclude inflation from growth figures, and see how much an economy actually grows. Nominal GDP would include inflation, and thus be higher.
The nominal GDP of a given year is computed using that year's prices, while the real GDP of that year is computed using the base year's prices. The formula implies that dividing the nominal GDP by the real GDP and multiplying it by 100 will give the GDP Deflator, hence "deflating" the nominal GDP into a real measure. [1]
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year. [2] Countries are sorted by nominal GDP estimates from financial and statistical institutions, which are calculated at market or government official exchange rates.
This is a list of countries by nominal GDP per capita. GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living; [1] [2] however, this is inaccurate because GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income. Measures of personal income include average wage, real income, median income, disposable income and GNI per capita.
Real income is the income of individuals or nations after adjusting for inflation. It is calculated by dividing nominal income by the price level . Real variables such as real income and real GDP are variables that are measured in physical units , while nominal variables such as nominal income and nominal GDP are measured in monetary units .
The base year's prices are used when calculating Real GDP for a specific year. For instance, calculating 2020's GDP Deflator would be = 2020's Nominal GDP/2020's Real GDP(Using 2017 Prices). The GDP Deflator has risen from 100 to 126.22 in 2024 Q4. So we see with real-life data that there has been a lot of inflation over the past decade.