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Mutual inductance occurs when the change in current in one inductor induces a voltage in another nearby inductor. It is important as the mechanism by which transformers work, but it can also cause unwanted coupling between conductors in a circuit. The mutual inductance, , is also a measure of the coupling between two inductors.
Lenz's law is contained in the rigorous treatment of Faraday's law of induction (the magnitude of EMF induced in a coil is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux), [5] where it finds expression by the negative sign: =,
Negative differential resistances can be classified into two types: [13] [77] Voltage controlled negative resistance (VCNR, short-circuit stable, [77] [78] [note 2] or "N" type): In this type the current is a single valued, continuous function of the voltage, but the voltage is a multivalued function of the current. [77]
Reactance is defined as the imaginary part of electrical impedance, and is analogous to but not generally equal to the negative reciprocal of the susceptance – that is their reciprocals are equal and opposite only in the special case where the real parts vanish (either zero resistance or zero conductance). In the special case of entirely zero ...
In electrical circuits, reactance is the opposition presented to alternating current by inductance and capacitance. [1] Along with resistance, it is one of two elements of impedance; however, while both elements involve transfer of electrical energy, no dissipation of electrical energy as heat occurs in reactance; instead, the reactance stores energy until a quarter-cycle later when the energy ...
The inductance of a circuit depends on the geometry of the current path as well as the magnetic permeability of nearby materials. An inductor is a component consisting of a wire or other conductor shaped to increase the magnetic flux through the circuit, usually in the shape of a coil or helix , with two terminals .
In electrical engineering, impedance is the opposition to alternating current presented by the combined effect of resistance and reactance in a circuit. [1]Quantitatively, the impedance of a two-terminal circuit element is the ratio of the complex representation of the sinusoidal voltage between its terminals, to the complex representation of the current flowing through it. [2]
For example, it is possible to create negative capacitance and inductance with negative impedance converter circuits. These circuits will have an immittance function with a phase of ±π/2 like a positive reactance but a reactance amplitude with a negative slope against frequency. [6]