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Their addition allows to decrease the water-to-cement ratio of concrete or mortar without negatively affecting the workability of the mixture. It enables the production of self-consolidating concrete and high-performance concrete. The water–cement ratio is the main factor determining the concrete strength and its durability. Superplasticizers ...
Water reducers are special chemical products added to a concrete mixture before it is poured. They are from the same family of products as retarders . The first class of water reducers was the lignosulfonates which has been used since the 1930s.
The performance of a concrete mix can be altered by use of admixtures. Admixtures can be used to reduce water requirements, entrain air into a mixture, to improve surface durability, or even superplasticise concrete to make it self-levelling, as self-consolidating concrete, [14] the use of admixtures requires precision in dosing and mix design ...
Self-consolidating concrete or self-compacting concrete (SCC) [1] is a concrete mix which has a low yield stress, high deformability, good segregation resistance (prevents separation of particles in the mix), and moderate viscosity (necessary to ensure uniform suspension of solid particles during transportation, placement (without external compaction), and thereafter until the concrete sets).
Sulfur concrete has a low porosity and is a poorly permeable material. Its low hydraulic conductivity slows down water ingress in its low porosity matrix and so decreases the transport of harmful chemical species, such as chloride (pitting corrosion), towards the steel reinforcements (physical protection of steel as long as no microcracks develop in the sulfur concrete matrix).
Elevated groundwater contaminant concentrations have been reported in the Fifty-Foot Sand water-bearing zone (FFSZ) at one well within the Brio Site boundary. [10] The Brio Site Task Force is completing field work for an investigation of the FFSZ groundwater at multiple locations on site in order to assess the need for further remedial action.
This is a complete list of all incorporated cities, towns, and villages and CDPs within Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area defined by the U.S. Census as of April 2010. Cities with more than 2,000,000 inhabitants
It was created by the City of Houston in 1984, and has since been improved by the city, oil companies, and volunteers. [ 145 ] [ 146 ] The parks amenities include a 1.06-mile (1.71 km) walking trail system, cricket field, playground, picnic pavilion, and multi-purpose fields, as well as a nature preserve recognized by the Texas Forestry Department.