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Protection and indemnity insurance, more commonly known as P&I insurance, is a form of mutual maritime insurance provided by a P&I club. [1] Whereas a marine insurance company provides "hull and machinery" cover for shipowners, and cargo cover for cargo owners, a P&I club provides cover for open-ended risks that traditional insurers are reluctant to insure.
Gard is a mutual company and operates around the world within marine insurance. It is the largest Protection & Indemnity insurer of the 12 P&I Clubs that are members of the International Group of P&I Clubs. Gard's customers are shipowners and operators, shipyards, and companies involved in the upstream oil and gas markets, and windfarm operators.
The UK P&I Club is a marine mutual liability insurer in the United Kingdom providing P&I insurance for the global shipping industry. [1] [2] [3] The UK P&I Club is one of the 12 members of the International Group of P&I Clubs. [4] The club is one of the largest of the global P&I Clubs and in 2002 covered more than 100 million tons across 6,000 ...
The NorthStandard P&I Association or Club is a marine mutual liability insurer in the United Kingdom.. In May 2022, it was announced that the North of England P&I Association would merge with the Standard Steamship Owners Protection & Indemnity Association (the Standard Club). [1]
Errors and omissions (E&O) insurance, which may exclude negligent acts other than errors and omissions ("mistakes"), is most often used by consultants and brokers and agents of various sorts, including notaries public, real estate brokers, insurance agents themselves, appraisers, management consultants and information technology service providers (there are specific E&O policies for software ...
The Marine Insurance Act 1906 (8 Edw. 7. c. 41) is a UK act of Parliament regulating marine insurance. The act applies both to "ship & cargo" marine insurance, and to P&I cover. The act was drafted by Sir Mackenzie Dalzell Chalmers, who had earlier drafted the Sale of Goods Act 1893. The act is a codifying act, that is to say, it attempts to ...
A co-insurance, which typically governs non-proportional treaty reinsurance, is an excess expressed as a proportion of a claim in percentage terms and applied to the entirety of a claim. Co-insurance is a penalty imposed on the insured by the insurance carrier for under reporting/declaring/insuring the value of tangible property or business income.
First, prudent cargo-owners (shippers or consignees) will insure their cargo, and, secondly, carriers (shipowners) will have cover for third-party liability from their P&I Club. If the carrier is responsible for causing loss or damage, the P&I Club will pay; but if the carrier can avoid liability, say, via an exemption clause or via Article IV ...