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Drip irrigation is used in farms, commercial greenhouses, and residential gardens. Drip irrigation is adopted extensively in areas of acute water scarcity and especially for crops and trees such as coconuts, containerized landscape trees, grapes, bananas, ber, eggplant, citrus, strawberries, sugarcane, cotton, maize, and tomatoes.
The invention of drip irrigation by Simcha Blass has led to a large expansion of agriculture in arid regions, and in many places drip irrigation is the de facto irrigation technique utilized. Studies have consistently shown large water use reduction with drip irrigation or fertigation, with one study returning an 80% decrease in water use and ...
In modern agriculture, drip irrigation is often combined with plastic mulch, further reducing evaporation, and is also the means of delivery of fertilizer. The process is known as fertigation . Deep percolation, where water moves below the root zone, can occur if a drip system is operated for too long or if the delivery rate is too high.
Zaï or tassa is a farming technique of digging pits in less permeable soil to catch water and concentrate compost. [1] The pits are between 15 and 50 centimetres (0.5 and 2 ft) across and around 5 to 15 centimetres (2 to 6 in) deep, spaced approximately 80 centimetres (3 ft) apart. [ 1 ]
Micro-irrigation, also called Micro-spray,localized, low-volume, low-flow, or trickle irrigation, is an irrigation method with lower water pressure and flow than a traditional sprinkler system. Low-volume irrigation is used in agriculture for row crops , orchards , and vineyards .
Maintaining a high level of soil moisture for germination of seed is one reason this technique may be used. Most conventional drip irrigation systems can be made to pulse by using a timer to reduce the watering duration and increase the watering frequency. [1] Some newer systems have been developed that utilize a pressurized reservoir.
Underground wells also play an important role in storing water for irrigation, specifically in America, and Arizona, in particular. [5] Water and debris from streams filled by water accumulated during storms also collect into underground basins. There are two types of irrigation techniques: spray irrigation and drip irrigation.
Irrigation is the artificial exploitation and distribution of water at project level aiming at application of water at field level to agricultural crops [1] in dry areas or in periods of scarce rainfall to assure or improve crop production. [2] This article discusses organizational forms and means of management of irrigation water at project level.
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