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Hypoxia can be due to external causes, when the breathing gas is hypoxic, or internal causes, such as reduced effectiveness of gas transfer in the lungs, reduced capacity of the blood to carry oxygen, compromised general or local perfusion, or inability of the affected tissues to extract oxygen from, or metabolically process, an adequate supply ...
The volume of body fluid, blood glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels are also tightly homeostatically maintained. The volume of extracellular fluid in a young adult male of 70 kg (154 lbs) is 20% of body weight – about fourteen liters. Eleven liters are interstitial fluid and the remaining three liters are plasma. [7]
Assuming a hemoglobin concentration of 15 g/dL and an oxygen saturation of 99%, the oxygen concentration of arterial blood is approximately 200 mL of O 2 per L. The saturation of mixed venous blood is approximately 75% in health. Using this value in the above equation, the oxygen concentration of mixed venous blood is approximately 150 mL of O ...
Expressed as a percentage, the oxygen saturation is the ratio of the amount of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin, to the oxygen-carrying capacity of the hemoglobin. The oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin is determined by the type of hemoglobin present in the blood. The amount of oxygen bound to the hemoglobin at any time is related, in large ...
Using the fact that each gram of hemoglobin can carry 1.34 mL of O2, the oxygen content of the blood (either arterial or venous) can be estimated by the following formula: = [] ( /) + PO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen and reflects the amount of oxygen gas dissolved in the blood. The term 0.0032 * P02 in the equation is very small and ...
The standard logistic function is the logistic function with parameters =, =, =, which yields = + = + = / / + /.In practice, due to the nature of the exponential function, it is often sufficient to compute the standard logistic function for over a small range of real numbers, such as a range contained in [−6, +6], as it quickly converges very close to its saturation values of 0 and 1.
A natural extension is to consider Boolean formulas of word equations, [4] in which also negation and disjunction is allowed. In fact, every system (and even every Boolean formula) of word equations, is equivalent to a single word equation. [4] Thus, many results on word equations generalise immediately to such systems (resp. formulas).
The carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population size of a biological species that can ... (capacity limit). This equation is a modification of the ...