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Maslow's hierarchy of needs is an idea in psychology proposed by American psychologist Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in the journal Psychological Review. [1] The theory is a classification system intended to reflect the universal needs of society as its base, then proceeding to more acquired emotions. [18]
For example, not everyone furrows their brow when they are feeling angry. Moreover, these emotional symbols are not universal due to cultural differences. For example, when Western individuals are asked to identify an emotional expression on a specific face, in an experimental task, they focus on the target's facial expression.
It is suggested that it can be useful to reflect a paraphrase of what another person has said, highlighting the NVC components implicit in their message, such as the feelings and needs you guess they may be expressing. [1]: ch.7 Expressing honestly, in NVC, is likely to involve expressing an observation, feeling, need, and request. An ...
100. “Children need the freedom and time to play. Play is not a luxury. Play is a necessity.” – Kay Redfield Jamison 101. “Children's games are hardly games.
In the 1990s, Ekman proposed an expanded list of basic emotions, including a range of positive and negative emotions that are not all encoded in facial muscles. [38] The newly included emotions are: amusement , contempt , contentment , embarrassment , excitement, guilt , pride in achievement, relief , satisfaction, sensory pleasure, and shame.
Marshall Rosenberg's model of Compassionate Communication, also known as Nonviolent Communication (NVC) [13] makes the distinction between universal human needs (what sustains and motivates human life) and specific strategies used to meet these needs. Feelings are seen as neither good nor bad, right nor wrong, but as indicators of when human ...
Gregory Bateson, an English anthropologist, used photography and film to document his time with the people of Bajoeng Gede in Bali. He observed cultural differences in Balinese mothers' muted emotional responses to their children's intense emotions, and mother-child displays of love and anger did not follow Western social norms.