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Aristophanes (/ ˌ ær ɪ ˈ s t ɒ f ə n iː z /; [2] Ancient Greek: Ἀριστοφάνης, pronounced [aristopʰánɛːs]; c. 446 – c. 386 BC) was an Ancient Greek comic playwright from Athens and a poet of Old Attic Comedy. [3]
The Alexandrine grammarians, and most likely Aristophanes of Byzantium in particular, seem to have been the first to divide Greek comedy into what became the canonical three periods: [3] Old Comedy (ἀρχαία archaía), Middle Comedy (μέση mésē) and New Comedy (νέα néa). These divisions appear to be largely arbitrary, and ancient ...
Old Comedy survives through the eleven extant plays of Aristophanes and New Comedy through two mostly extant works of Menander. While Old Comedy parodied contemporary Athenian politics, leaders, and institutions, New Comedy features average citizens and parodies the cultural practices of the time.
The first official comedy at the City Dionysia was not staged until 487/6 BCE, [3] by which time tragedy had already been long established there. The first comedy at the Lenaia was staged later still, [4] only about 20 years before the performance there of The Acharnians, the first of Aristophanes' surviving
In Thesmophoriazusae, variations from Old Comedy conventions include: Parodos: In Old Comedy, the parodos or entry of the Chorus was an important element in the entertainment, accomplished with music, dance and extravagant spectacle. In this play, there are two Choruses – one appears briefly while accompanying Agathon in a song outside his ...
Aristophanes (c. 446–388 BC), a leading source for Greek Old Comedy. The Acharnians (425 BC) The Knights (424 BC) The Clouds (423 BC) The Wasps (422 BC) Peace (421 BC) The Birds (414 BC) Lysistrata (411 BC) Thesmophoriazusae (c. 411 BC) The Frogs (405 BC) Assemblywomen (c. 392 BC) Plutus (388 BC) Pherecrates 420 BC; Diocles of Phlius ...
Parabasis: In Classical Greek comedy, parabasis is 'a speech in which the chorus comes forward and addresses the audience'. A parabasis is not featured in Lysistrata. Most plays have a second parabasis near the end, and a feature akin to a parabasis is used in this play as a replacement, however it comprises exclusively two songs (strophe and ...
The Clouds (Ancient Greek: Νεφέλαι, Nephelai) is a Greek comedy play written by the playwright Aristophanes.A lampooning of intellectual fashions in classical Athens, it was originally produced at the City Dionysia in 423 BC and was not as well received as the author had hoped, coming last of the three plays competing at the festival that year.