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Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is a ceramic in which the cubic crystal structure of zirconium dioxide is made stable at room temperature by an addition of yttrium oxide. These oxides are commonly called "zirconia" ( Zr O 2 ) and "yttria" ( Y 2 O 3 ), hence the name.
It is a composite ceramic material with zirconia grains in the alumina matrix. It is also known in industry as ZTA. Zirconia aluminia (or zirconia toughened alumina), a combination of zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide, is part of a class of composite ceramics called AZ composites. Noted for their mechanical properties, AZ composites are ...
[11] [12] [13] Zirconia stabilized with yttria (yttrium oxide), known as yttria-stabilized zirconia, can be used as a strong base material in some full ceramic crown restorations. [12] [14] Transformation-toughened zirconia is used to make ceramic knives. [15] Because of the hardness, ceramic-edged cutlery stays sharp longer than steel edged ...
The most common oxide is zirconium dioxide, ZrO 2, also known as zirconia. This clear to white-coloured solid has exceptional fracture toughness (for a ceramic) and chemical resistance, especially in its cubic form. [37] These properties make zirconia useful as a thermal barrier coating, [38] although it is also a common diamond substitute. [37]
The toughness of most ceramics is 2–4 MPa √ m, but toughened zirconia is as much as 13, and cemented carbides are often over 20. [15] The toughness-by-indention methods have been discredited recently and are being replaced by more rigorous methods that measure crack growth in a notched beam in bending.
Yttria-stabilized zirconia, also known simply as zirconia, is a very hard ceramic that is used as a strong base material in some full ceramic restorations. Zirconia is relatively new in dentistry and the published clinical data is correspondingly limited.
Therefore, the physical and optical properties of synthesized CZ vary, all values being ranges. It is a dense substance, with a density between 5.6 and 6.0 g/cm 3 —about 1.65 times that of diamond. Cubic zirconia is relatively hard, 8–8.5 on the Mohs scale—slightly harder than most semi-precious natural gems. [1]
Piezoelectric materials (PMs) can be broadly classified as either crystalline, ceramic, or polymeric. [1] The most commonly produced piezoelectric ceramics are lead zirconate titanate (PZT), barium titanate, and lead titanate. Gallium nitride and zinc oxide can also be regarded as a ceramic due to their relatively wide band gaps.