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Iris × germanica is the accepted name for a species of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae commonly known as the bearded iris [2] or the German bearded iris. [3] It is one of a group of hybrid origin. [4]: 87 Varieties include I. × g. var. florentina.
It is a bearded iris, that was classified as belonging to the subgenus of 'Iris subgenus Iris', (which was formerly known as Section Pogoniris (Spach) Baker). [4] It is a relative of Iris junonia, [8] another bearded iris in the mountains of Adana and Içel provinces of Turkey. [4] It closely resembles a miniature tall bearded iris. [13]
William Caparne (1855–1940), born William John Caparn, was a British horticulturist and a painter of floral and other subjects. He created the first hybrids in the intermediate bearded iris group, and is thought to have created more than 100 cultivars of bulbous iris.
Bearded rhizomatous irises. Section Iris. Iris adriatica Trinajstic ex Mitic; Iris albertii Reg. Iris albicans – white cemetery iris, white flag iris; Iris ...
Some of these species have been bred with bearded irises to create unique colours and markings. [2] Oncocyclus is a Greek word, with onco meaning mass, or bulk, and cyclus meaning circle. [ 9 ] In 1846, the term 'Oncocyclus' was first used by C.H. Siemssen as the Genus Oncocyclus in 1846 in Botanische Zeitung.
In 1937, Stevens Brothers began including bearded iris in its catalogues. Between 1936 and 1939, three of Jean's irises won awards of merit from the Royal Horticultural Society, and a fourth prompted the American iris breeder Robert Schreiner to introduce some of her cultivars into the North American market. [2]
In 2012, a study was carried out on 4 diploid and 7 allopolyploid bearded Iris species. Their leaf flavonoid, isoflavonoid and xanthone constituents were investigated. It also found that Iris bicapitata had a chromosome number of 2n=40, and was a parent species of Iris germanica and Iris albicans (who are counted as 2n=44).
It is similar in form to Iris × germanica. [2] It is classed as a medium-sized bearded iris, [3] and grows up to between 30–40 cm (12–16 in) tall. [4] It has a branched stem. [3] Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.
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