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A vestibular schwannoma (VS), also called acoustic neuroma, is a benign tumor that develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve that passes from the inner ear to the brain. The tumor originates when Schwann cells that form the insulating myelin sheath on the nerve malfunction. Normally, Schwann cells function beneficially to protect the nerves which ...
Acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) – benign neoplasm of Schwann cells affecting the vestibulocochlear nerve; Meningioma – benign tumour of the pia and arachnoid mater; Ménière's disease – causes sensorineural hearing loss in the low frequency range (125 Hz to 1000 Hz).
Unilateral VS plus any two of meningioma, glioma, neurofibroma, schwannoma, posterior subcapsular lenticular opacities; Two or more meningioma plus unilateral VS or any two of glioma, schwannoma and cataract. Another set of diagnostic criteria is the following: [citation needed] Detection of bilateral acoustic neuroma by imaging-procedures
Ménière's disease (MD) is a disease of the inner ear that is characterized by potentially severe and incapacitating episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the ear.
Acoustic neuroma - a slow-growing, benign tumor of the acoustic nerve. [2] Symptoms, which most often start after the age of 30, can include dizziness, headache, vertigo, loss of balance, ringing sensations, and numbness. [3] Ganglioneuroma - a tumor of the sympathetic nerve fibers arising from neural crest cells. [4]
Neurofibromatosis type II, in which bilateral acoustic neuromas (tumors of the vestibulocochlear nerve or cranial nerve 8 (CN VIII) also known as schwannoma) develop, often leading to hearing loss. [16] Schwannomatosis, in which painful schwannomas develop on spinal and peripheral nerves. [17]
Known causes include genetics, maternal illness and injury. Examples of these causes are physical trauma, acoustic neuroma, maternal prenatal illness such as measles, labyrinthitis, microtia, meningitis, Ménière's disease, Waardenburg syndrome, mumps (epidemic parotitis), mastoiditis or due to an overstrained nervus vestibulocochlearis after a brain surgery to close to the nerve.
The most reliable indicator for acoustic neuromas from the ABR is the interaural latency differences in wave V: the latency in the impaired ear is prolonged. Different studies have indicated the sensitivity of ABR for detection of acoustic neuromas 1cm or larger to be between 90 and 95%. Sensitivity for neuromas smaller than 1cm are 63-77%.
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