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When the base wine (or cuvee) has been produced from single grape varietals or a blend, the wine is bottled with a mixture of yeast and fresh sugar known as the "liqueur de tirage". This secondary fermentation, also known as bottle fermentation, is the process that makes the wine "bubbly" due to the containment of carbon dioxide which is ...
Wine packaged in a bag usually made of flexible plastic and protected by a box, usually made of cardboard. The bag is sealed by a simple plastic tap. Brettanomyces A wine spoilage yeast that produces taints in wine commonly described as barnyard or band-aids. Brix/Balling A measurement of the dissolved sucrose level in a wine Brouillis
The flash point of pure alcohol is 16.6 °C (61.9 °F), less than average room temperature. [36] The flammability of liquor is applied in the cooking technique flambé. The flash points of alcohol concentrations from 10% to 96% by weight are: [37] 10% – 49 °C (120 °F) – ethanol-based water solution; 12.5% – about 52 °C (126 °F ...
The press wine is blended with the free run wine at the winemaker's discretion. The wine is then kept warm and the remaining sugars are converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide. The next process in the making of red wine is malolactic conversion , a bacterial process which converts "crisp, green apple" malic acid to "soft, creamy" lactic acid ...
The technique of süssreserve, where unfermented grape must is added after the wine's fermentation is complete, will result in a wine that tastes less sweet than a wine whose fermentation was halted. This is because the unfermented grape must will still have roughly equal parts of fructose and the less sweet tasting glucose.
Flash release (FR) is a technique used in wine pressing. [1] The technique allows for a better extraction of phenolic compounds [2] and wine polysaccharides. [3] The treatment consists of heating the grapes at 95 °C (203 °F) for several minutes with vapour and then submitting them to a strong vacuum.
The term, French for someone who grows grapes or makes wine, [4] is often used in Australia to describe a winemaker who is also involved as an owner or manager [5] [6] [7] as opposed to a person who is employed only to make wine, who is generally referred to as a winemaker. It is also used when referring to a winemaker from France.
Wine is a complex mixture of chemical compounds in a hydro-alcoholic solution with a pH around 4. The chemistry of wine and its resultant quality depend on achieving a balance between three aspects of the berries used to make the wine: their sugar content, acidity and the presence of secondary compounds.