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Many of these are degenerations in the pronunciation of names that originated in other languages. Sometimes a well-known namesake with the same spelling has a markedly different pronunciation. These are known as heterophonic names or heterophones (unlike heterographs, which are written differently but pronounced the same).
The symbol's names and phonetic descriptions are described in the Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. The symbols also have nonce names in the Unicode standard. In some cases, the Unicode names and the IPA names do not agree. For example, IPA calls ɛ "epsilon", but Unicode calls it "small letter open E".
The possessive form of an English noun, or more generally a noun phrase, is made by suffixing a morpheme which is represented orthographically as ' s (the letter s preceded by an apostrophe), and is pronounced in the same way as the regular English plural ending (e)s: namely, as / ɪ z / when following a sibilant sound (/ s /, / z /, / ʃ /, / ʒ /, / tʃ / or / dʒ /), as / s / when following ...
The Associated Press Stylebook says “use only an apostrophe” for singular proper names ending in S: Dickens’ novels, Hercules’ labors, Jesus’ life. ... An Utterly Correct Guide to ...
Where a business name is based on a family name it should in theory take an apostrophe, but many leave it out (contrast Sainsbury's with Harrods). In recent times there has been an increasing tendency to drop the apostrophe. Names based on a first name are more likely to take an apostrophe, but this is not always the case.
For example, in the name Zack de la Rocha, Zack and Rocha have stress, but de la does not: / ˈ z æ k d ɛ l ə ˈ r oʊ tʃ ə /. It would therefore convey an incorrect pronunciation to leave the stress mark off Zack. OED2 does not indicate stress on monosyllables, but uses the stress mark to disambiguate disyllables: higher (ˈhaɪə(r)) vs ...
Name of multiple places New Berlin: New BUR-lin / ˈ b ɜːr l ɪ n / Name of multiple places New Orleans: new OR-linz / n j uː ˈ ɔːr l ɪ n z / [n 27] New Madrid, Missouri: New MAD-rid / ˈ m æ d r ɪ d / New Prague, Minnesota: New PRAYG / ˈ p r eɪ ɡ / New Tripoli, Pennsylvania: New trih-POH-lee / t r ɪ ˈ p oʊ l i / Noel, Missouri ...
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