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The recommendation to start folic acid before conception is supported by a meta-analysis of 41 studies, but is beneficial after conception as well. [ 2 ] Often prenatal vitamins also have a reduced dosage of vitamins that may be detrimental to the fetus when taken in high doses (such as vitamin A ).
Dietary supplements such as folic acid and iron are important for a healthy pregnancy. [5] Some dietary supplements can cause side effects and harm to the mother or unborn child. [ 5 ] Pregnant women should discuss all dietary supplements with their health care professional to determine the appropriate dosage and which supplements are safe ...
Before folic acid fortification, about 4,100 pregnancies were affected by a neural tube defect each year in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in 2015 that since the addition of folic acid in grain-based foods as mandated by the FDA, the rate of neural tube defects dropped by 35%. This translates to an ...
Folic acid, which is the synthetic form of the vitamin folate, is critical both in pre- and peri-conception. [7] Deficiencies in folic acid may cause neural tube defects (NTDs). Women who had 0.4 mg of folic acid in their systems due to supplementing 3 months before childbirth significantly reduced the risk of NTDs. [29]
Anemias due to other deficiencies such as folic acid or vitamin B12 can also be treated with supplementation as well; dose may vary based on level of deficiency. [32] Other forms of anemias, such as inherited or acquired anemias prior to pregnancy, will require continuous management during pregnancy as well. [29]
The new legislation will require millers to add folic acid to non-wholemeal wheat flour from the end of 2026. Folic acid is a synthetic form of vitamin B9 and is also known as folate.
Vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others. Vitamin B 12 is the only vitamin or nutrient not available from plant sources. The Food Fortification Initiative lists countries which have mandatory fortification programs for vitamins folic acid, niacin, vitamin A and vitamins B 1, B 2 and B 12. [9]
Hypervitaminosis is a condition of abnormally high storage levels of vitamins, which can lead to various symptoms as over excitement, irritability, or even toxicity. Specific medical names of the different conditions are derived from the given vitamin involved: an excess of vitamin A , for example, is called hypervitaminosis A .