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Symptoms: Pain, weakness, loss of muscle at the base of the thumb, swelling, paleness, bluish coloration [1] [2] Usual onset: 20 to 50 years of age [1] Types: Neurogenic, venous, arterial [1] Causes: Compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the superior thoracic aperture (thoracic outlet), the passageway from the lower neck to the ...
The complete or partial absence of the pectoralis muscle is the malformation that defines Poland syndrome. It can be treated by inserting a custom implant designed by CAD (computer aided design). [11] A 3D reconstruction of the patient's chest is done using an implant shaped from a medical scan and designed to be perfectly adapted to the ...
Pectoralis minor syndrome (PMS) is a condition related to thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) that results from the pectoralis minor muscle being too tight. [1] PMS results from the brachial plexus being compressed under the pectoralis minor [2] while TOS involves compression of the bundle above the clavicle. In most patients, the nerves are ...
Costochondritis is a common condition that is responsible for approximately 13–36% of acute chest pain-related concerns from adults depending on the setting, with 14–39% for adolescents. [8] It is most often seen in individuals who are older than 40 years of age and occurs more often in women than in men. [3]
Chest pain due to coronary ischemia commonly radiates to the arm or neck. [7] Certain individuals such as women, diabetics, and the elderly may present with more varied symptoms. [8] If blood flow through the coronary arteries is stopped completely, cardiac muscle cells may die, known as a myocardial infarction, or heart attack. [9]
Myocarditis: Myocarditis often affects young men under 45, presenting with symptoms such as chest pain, rapid heartbeat, palpitations, difficulty breathing, and early heart failure signs. Approximately one-third experience sharp, squeezing chest pain, while nonspecific symptoms like fever, fatigue, and muscle aches may also occur.
Chest X-ray showing a tumor in the left lung (right side of the image) The diagnosis is usually made with nerve conduction study (NCS) and electromyography (EMG), which is one of the standard tests in the investigation of otherwise unexplained muscle weakness. EMG involves the insertion of small needles into the muscles.
Muscle weakness can also be classified as either "proximal" or "distal" based on the location of the muscles that it affects. Proximal muscle weakness affects muscles closest to the body's midline, while distal muscle weakness affects muscles further out on the limbs. Proximal muscle weakness can be seen in Cushing's syndrome [18] and ...