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Interpreting notes are used by some interpreters, who re-express oral communications (such as speeches) in whole or in part. Such notes may be used when the interpreter is working in "consecutive mode." Interpreting notes are not part of any conventional graphic system, and practitioners are free to develop their own techniques.
In consecutive interpreting (CI), the interpreter starts to interpret after the speaker pauses; thus much more time (perhaps double) is needed. Customarily, such an interpreter will sit or stand near the speaker. [9] Consecutive interpretation can be conducted in a pattern of short or long segments according to the interpreter's preference.
The definition extends naturally to more than two random variables. We say that n {\displaystyle n} random variables X 1 , … , X n {\displaystyle X_{1},\ldots ,X_{n}} are i.i.d. if they are independent (see further Independence (probability theory) § More than two random variables ) and identically distributed, i.e. if and only if
Greek letters (e.g. θ, β) are commonly used to denote unknown parameters (population parameters). [3]A tilde (~) denotes "has the probability distribution of". Placing a hat, or caret (also known as a circumflex), over a true parameter denotes an estimator of it, e.g., ^ is an estimator for .
Simultaneous interpretation (SI) is when an interpreter translates the message from the source language to the target language in real-time. [1] Unlike in consecutive interpreting, this way the natural flow of the speaker is not disturbed and allows for a fairly smooth output for the listeners.
Probability theory or probability calculus is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability.Although there are several different probability interpretations, probability theory treats the concept in a rigorous mathematical manner by expressing it through a set of axioms.
Nelson rules are a method in process control of determining whether some measured variable is out of control (unpredictable versus consistent). Rules for detecting "out-of-control" or non-random conditions were first postulated by Walter A. Shewhart [1] in the 1920s.
Under the frequency interpretation of probability, it is assumed that as the length of a series of trials increases without bound, the fraction of experiments in which a given event occurs will approach a fixed value, known as the limiting relative frequency. [7] [8] This interpretation is often contrasted with Bayesian probability.