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Especially when written “Entity Component System”, due to an ambiguity in the English language, a common interpretation of the name is that an ECS is a system comprising entities and components. For example, in the 2002 talk at GDC, [ 1 ] Scott Bilas compares a C++ object system and his new custom component system.
C++: 2010 Yes 3D Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One: Metro 2033, Metro: Last Light, Metro Exodus: Proprietary: A-Frame (VR) JavaScript: 2015 JavaScript: Yes 3D Cross-platform: MIT: Open source Entity component system WebVR framework Adventure Game Interpreter: C: 1984 C style Yes 2D DOS, Apple SOS, ProDOS ...
EBCDIC—Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code; EBML—Extensible Binary Meta Language; ECC—Elliptic Curve Cryptography; ECMA—European Computer Manufacturers Association; ECN—Explicit Congestion Notification; ECOS—Embedded Configurable Operating System; ECRS—Expense and Cost Recovery System; ECS—Entity-Component-System
The following example is in the language Java, and shows how the contents of a tree of nodes (in this case describing the components of a car) can be printed. Instead of creating print methods for each node subclass ( Wheel , Engine , Body , and Car ), one visitor class ( CarElementPrintVisitor ) performs the required printing action.
In order to consider that a Singleton or any group of related code implements this pattern, the following features must be supplied: A portion of the code must have global or public access and be designed for use as global/public code. Additional private or protected code can be executed by the main public code.
In ADO.NET, IDbCommand.CreateParameter is an example of the use of factory method to connect parallel class hierarchies. In Qt, QMainWindow::createPopupMenu Archived 2015-07-19 at the Wayback Machine is a factory method declared in a framework that can be overridden in application code.
The C++ examples in this section demonstrate the principle of using composition and interfaces to achieve code reuse and polymorphism. Due to the C++ language not having a dedicated keyword to declare interfaces, the following C++ example uses inheritance from a pure abstract base class .
Essentially, encapsulation prevents external code from being concerned with the internal workings of an object. Encapsulation allows developers to present a consistent interface that is independent of its internal implementation. As one example, encapsulation can be used to hide the values or state of a structured data object inside a class.