Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In the first place, Clar's rule is formulated only for species with hexagonal rings, [12] and thus it cannot be applied to species having rings different from the benzene moiety, even though an extension of the rule to molecules with rings of any dimension has been provided by Glidewell and Lloyd. [12]
A common method for expanding a ring involves opening cyclopropane-containing bicyclic intermediate. The strategy can start with a Simmons-Smith-like cyclopropanation of a cyclic alkene. [8] A related cyclopropane-based ring expansion is the Buchner ring expansion. The Buchner ring expansion is used to convert arenes to cycloheptatrienes. The ...
Heteroarenes are aromatic compounds, where at least one methine or vinylene (-C= or -CH=CH-) group is replaced by a heteroatom: oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. [3] Examples of non-benzene compounds with aromatic properties are furan, a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered ring that includes a single oxygen atom, and pyridine, a heterocyclic compound with a six-membered ring containing one ...
6, which is an aromatic hexagonal ring of six carbon atoms and three double bonds. In this molecule, 24 of the 30 total valence bonding electrons – 24 coming from carbon atoms and 6 coming from hydrogen atoms – are located in 12 σ (sigma) bonding orbitals, which are located mostly between pairs of atoms (C–C or C–H), similarly to the ...
Even an alkyl group (with a benzylic hydrogen) on an aromatic ring is oxidized, e.g. toluene to benzoic acid. [72] 5 C 6 H 5 CH 3 + 6 KMnO 4 + 9 H 2 SO 4 → 5 C 6 H 5 COOH + 14 H 2 O + 3 K 2 SO 4 + 6 MnSO 4. Glycols and polyols are highly reactive toward KMnO 4.
Simple aromatic rings can be heterocyclic if they contain non-carbon ring atoms, for example, oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. They can be monocyclic as in benzene, bicyclic as in naphthalene, or polycyclic as in anthracene. Simple monocyclic aromatic rings are usually five-membered rings like pyrrole or six-membered rings like pyridine.
In organic chemistry, the phenyl group, or phenyl ring, is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5, and is often represented by the symbol Ph (archaically φ) or Ø. The phenyl group is closely related to benzene and can be viewed as a benzene ring, minus a hydrogen, which may be replaced by some other element or compound to serve as a ...
A homocycle or homocyclic ring is a ring in which all atoms are of the same chemical element. [1] A heterocycle or heterocyclic ring is a ring containing atoms of at least two different elements, i.e. a non-homocyclic ring. [2] A carbocycle or carbocyclic ring is a homocyclic ring in which all of the atoms are carbon. [3]