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The High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) is a nuclear research reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States.Operating at 85 MW, HFIR is one of the highest flux reactor-based sources of neutrons for condensed matter physics research in the United States, and it has one of the highest steady-state neutron fluxes of any research reactor in the world.
The protons pass into a ring-shaped structure, a proton accumulator ring, where they spin around at very high speeds and accumulate in "bunches." Each bunch of protons is released from the ring as a pulse, at a rate of 60 times per second (60 hertz). The high-energy proton pulses strike a target of liquid mercury, where spallation occurs.
It operated from 1966 until 1969 (with six months down time to move from U-235 to U-233 fuel) and proved the viability of molten salt reactors, while also producing fuel for other reactors as a byproduct of its own reaction. [22] The High Flux Isotope Reactor built in 1965 had the highest neutron flux of any reactor at the time. [22]
A High Flux Reactor is a type of nuclear research reactor. High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR), in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America, High Flux Australian Reactor (HIFAR), Australia's first nuclear reactor, High-Flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor (HANARO), in South Korea. The High Flux Reactor at Institut Laue–Langevin in France.
HFIR – High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; SNS – Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; MURR – University of Missouri Research Reactor, Columbia, MO. MNRC – MacClellan Nuclear Research Center, Sacramento, CA. RPI LINAC - Rensselaer Gaerttner LINAC Center, Troy, NY.
Neutron science, using the Spallation Neutron Source, and the recently upgraded High Flux Isotope Reactor. Synthesis science, also called “science-driven synthesis,” facilitated by extensive and novel synthesis capabilities in the CNMS' first five scientific themes (described below) and by a new nanofabrication research laboratory.
They need far less fuel, and far less fission products build up as the fuel is used. On the other hand, their fuel requires more highly enriched uranium , typically up to 20% U-235 , [ 1 ] although some use 93% U-235; while 20% enrichment is not generally considered usable in nuclear weapons, 93% is commonly referred to as " weapons-grade ".
Radiation exposure to operators was 1/100 of commercial power reactors. Established a world record for fuel performance. Produced extremely high quality rare radioisotopes for medicine and industry. Conducted the first passive safety testing. Demonstrated commercial viability of breeder reactor components, materials and fuels.
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