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Mandible fracture causes vary by the time period and the region studied. In North America, blunt force trauma (a punch) is the leading cause of mandible fracture [37] whereas in India, motor vehicle collisions are now a leading cause. [38] On battle grounds, it is more likely to be high velocity injuries (bullets and shrapnel). [39]
Symptoms are specific to the type of injury; for example, fractures may involve pain, swelling, loss of function, or changes in the shape of facial structures. Facial injuries have the potential to cause disfigurement and loss of function; for example, blindness or difficulty moving the jaw can result.
Condylar resorption, also called idiopathic condylar resorption, ICR, and condylysis, is a temporomandibular joint disorder in which one or both of the mandibular condyles are broken down in a bone resorption process. This disorder is nine times more likely to be present in females than males, and is more common among teenagers. [1]
3D CT of mandible fracture. This injury involves the alveolar bone and may extend beyond the alveolus. [5] [6] There are five different types of alveolar fractures: Communicated fracture of the socket wall; Fracture of the socket wall; Dentoalveolar fracture (segmental) Fracture of the maxilla: Le Fort fracture, zygomatic fracture, orbital blowout
The most important feature is pain, followed by restricted mandibular movement, [2] and noises from the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) during jaw movement. Although TMD is not life-threatening, it can be detrimental to quality of life; [3] this is because the symptoms can become chronic and difficult to manage.
Trauma and related mandibular fractures are also often related to inferior alveolar nerve injuries. Trigeminal sensory nerve injuries are associated with numbness, pain, altered sensation and usually a combination of all three. [5] This can result in a significant reduction in quality of life with functional difficulties and psychological ...
When zygoma fractures occur, the most typical symptoms are paresthesias in the upper lip, nose, cheek, and lower eyelid, diplopia, and pain.Particular physical characteristics that support zygomatic fracture include globe injury, impaired ocular motility, globe malposition, orbital emphysema, trismus, palpable stepoffs at the inferior or upper lateral edge of the orbit, reduced feeling ...
A transverse jaw position is known as Laterognathia. This term describes a lateral bite in the lower jaw [34] and is often associated with a unilateral crossbite at an early age [35] This can lead to bone development of an asymmetrical mandibular ramus resulting in asymmetry in the whole of the lower face. [36]
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