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Alachlor is an herbicide from the chloroacetanilide family. It is an odorless, white solid. The greatest use of alachlor is for control of annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in crops. Use of alachlor is illegal in the European Union [1] and no products containing alachlor are currently registered in the United States. [2]
Chloroacetyl chloride is bifunctional—the acyl chloride easily forms esters [4] and amides, while the other end of the molecule is able to form other linkages, e.g. with amines. The use of chloroacetyl chloride in the synthesis of lidocaine is illustrative: [ 5 ]
Acetochlor has been classified as a probable human carcinogen. [1] [4] Acetochlor, as alachlor, can cause nasal turbinate tumors via the generation of a common tissue reactive metabolite that leads to cytotoxicity and regenerative proliferation in the nasal epithelium.
Though there is no set maximum concentration (maximum contaminant level, MCL) for metolachlor that is allowed in drinking water, the US EPA does have a health advisory level (HAL) of 0.525 mg/L. Metolachlor has been detected in ground and surface waters in concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 4.5 parts per billion (ppb) throughout the U.S. [9]
Chloroacetamide is produced by ammonolysis of esters of chloroacetic acid: [3] [4] ClCH 2 CO 2 CH 3 + NH 3 → ClCH 2 C(O)NH 2 + CH 3 OH. Uses.
Acetanilide can be produced by reacting acetic anhydride with aniline: [7]. C 6 H 5 NH 2 + (CH 3 CO) 2 O → C 6 H 5 NHCOCH 3 + CH 3 COOH. The preparation used to be a traditional experiment in introductory organic chemistry lab classes, [8] but it has now been widely replaced by the preparation of either paracetamol or aspirin, both of which teach the same practical techniques (especially ...
4-Chloroaniline is used in the industrial production of pesticides, drugs, and dyestuffs. It is a precursor to the widely used antimicrobial and bacteriocide chlorhexidine and is used in the manufacture of pesticides, including pyraclostrobin, anilofos, monolinuron, and chlorphthalim.
The term acetylide is used loosely. It apply to an acetylene RC≡CM, where R = H or a side chain that is usually organic. [2] The nomenclature can be ambiguous with regards to the distinction between compounds of the type MC 2 R and M 2 C 2.