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Desert varnish on gibber, Central Australia . Desert varnish or rock varnish is an orange-yellow to black coating found on exposed rock surfaces in arid environments. Desert varnish is approximately one micrometer thick and exhibits nanometer-scale layering. [1] Rock rust and desert patina are other terms which are also used for the condition ...
A table green wood-stained and varnished with three layers of polyurethane varnish Polyurethane varnishes are typically hard, abrasion-resistant, and durable coatings. They are popular for hardwood floors but are considered by some wood finishers to be difficult or unsuitable for finishing furniture or other detailed pieces.
Choosing a clear finish for wood involves trade-offs between appearance, protection, durability, safety, requirements for cleaning, and ease of application. The following table compares the characteristics of different clear finishes. 'Rubbing qualities' indicates the ease with which a finish can be manipulated to deliver the finish desired.
Japan black (also called black japan and bicycle paint [1]) is a lacquer or varnish suitable for many substrates but known especially for its use on iron and steel. It can also be called japan lacquer and Brunswick black. Its name comes from the association between the finish and Japanese products in the West. [2]
Rock varnish microlamination (VML) dating uses the slow buildup of 'varnish' or dark coating on subaerially exposed rock surfaces. It is the world's slowest-accumulating sedimentary deposit at around ~1 μm per 1000 years. It is particularly well preserved and therefore useful in arid and semi-arid regions.
Japanning is a type of finish that originated as a European imitation of East Asian lacquerwork. It was first used on furniture, but was later much used on small items in metal. The word originated in the 17th century. American work, except in the carriage and early automobile industries, is more often called toleware. [1]
The pictures at Newspaper Rock were inscribed into the dark coating on the rock, called desert varnish. Desert varnish is mainly made up (~70%) by clay materials, but gets its blackish color from iron and manganese oxide deposits that gradually form on exposed sandstone cliff faces owing to the action of rainfall and bacteria. [5]
French polishing a table. French polishing is a wood finishing technique that results in a very high gloss surface, with a deep colour and chatoyancy.French polishing consists of applying many thin coats of shellac dissolved in denatured alcohol using a rubbing pad lubricated with one of a variety of oils.