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The State (German: Der Staat) is a book by German sociologist Franz Oppenheimer first published in Germany in 1908. Oppenheimer wrote the book in Frankfurt am Main during 1907, as a fragment of the four-volume System of Sociology, an intended interpretative framework for the understanding of social evolution on which he laboured from the 1890s until the end of his life. [1]
A number of theories developed regarding state development in Europe. Other theories focused on the creation of states in late colonial and post-colonial societies. [96] The lessons from these studies of the formation of states in the modern period are often used in theories about State-building. Other theories contend that the state in Europe ...
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For Mann, “modern states formally monopolize the means of military violence” but that does “not end the autonomy of military power organization.” [16] In his theory of the state, Mann defines the state with four attributes: "The state is a differentiated set of institutions and personnel
In addition, the dynamics of relations between the political elites in the ruling coalition also influence the interaction between the state and society. Secondly, the theory overlooks the fundamental problem of the state's acquisition of a monopoly on violence (how a coalition that structures the state and society emerges). [5]
The state is the organization while the government is the particular group of people, the administrative bureaucracy that controls the state apparatus at a given time. [50] [51] [52] That is, governments are the means through which state power is employed. States are served by a continuous succession of different governments. [52]
Complicating this is the fact that Marx's own ideas about the state changed as he grew older, differing in his early pre-communist phase, in the young Marx phase which predates the unsuccessful 1848 uprisings in Europe, and in his later work. Marx initially followed an evolutionary theory of the state.
Coker published his first book, Organismic Theories of the State in 1910. In the work, Coker criticized contemporary theories of the state as a unitary actor, and argued that "such theories ultimately failed." [2] The book drew a somewhat frosty response, and L.L. Bernard wrote in the American Journal of Sociology that Coker "missed the point". [3]