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For example, to test if an integer is odd, one might be inclined to test if the remainder by 2 is equal to 1: bool is_odd ( int n ) { return n % 2 == 1 ; } But in a language where modulo has the sign of the dividend, that is incorrect, because when n (the dividend) is negative and odd, n mod 2 returns −1, and the function returns false.
Custom Function @PowerMod() for FileMaker Pro (with 1024-bit RSA encryption example) Ruby's openssl package has the OpenSSL::BN#mod_exp method to perform modular exponentiation. The HP Prime Calculator has the CAS.powmod() function [permanent dead link ] to perform modular exponentiation. For a^b mod c, a can be no larger than 1 EE 12.
If the remainder is equal to 0 then use 0 as the check digit, and if not 0 subtract the remainder from 10 to derive the check digit. A GS1 check digit calculator and detailed documentation is online at GS1's website. [5] Another official calculator page shows that the mechanism for GTIN-13 is the same for Global Location Number/GLN. [6]
Scheme offer two functions, remainder and modulo – Ada and PL/I have mod and rem, while Fortran has mod and modulo; in each case, the former agrees in sign with the dividend, and the latter with the divisor. Common Lisp and Haskell also have mod and rem, but mod uses the sign of the divisor and rem uses the sign of the dividend.
A residue numeral system (RNS) is a numeral system representing integers by their values modulo several pairwise coprime integers called the moduli. This representation is allowed by the Chinese remainder theorem, which asserts that, if M is the product of the moduli, there is, in an interval of length M, exactly one integer having any given set of modular values.
Modulus of continuity, a function gauging the uniform continuity of a function; Similarly, the modulus of a Dirichlet character; Modulus (algebraic number theory), a formal product of places of a number field; The modular function in the theory of Haar measure, often called simply the modulus
The simplest example given by Thimbleby of a possible problem when using an immediate-execution calculator is 4 × (−5). As a written formula the value of this is −20 because the minus sign is intended to indicate a negative number, rather than a subtraction, and this is the way that it would be interpreted by a formula calculator.
The remainders in the period, which are 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 1, form a rearrangement of all nonzero remainders modulo 7, implying that 3 is indeed a primitive root modulo 7. This derives from the fact that a sequence ( g k modulo n ) always repeats after some value of k , since modulo n produces a finite number of values.
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