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Cinnarizine's antagonistic effects of D2 dopamine receptors in the striatum leads to symptoms of depression, tremor, muscle rigidity, tardive dyskinesia, and akathisia. 17 of 100 new parkinsonism cases are linked to administration of either cinnarizine or flunarizine. [5] Drug induced parkinsonism is the second leading cause of parkinsonism. [22]
Flunarizine is a selective calcium antagonist with moderate other actions including antihistamine, serotonin receptor blocking and dopamine D 2 blocking activity. Compared to other calcium channel blockers such as dihydropyridine derivatives, verapamil and diltiazem, flunarizine has low affinity to voltage-dependent calcium channels.
[3] [23] H 1 receptor antagonism accounts for its antihistamine effects and associated sedative side effects. [6] [3] In contrast to other TCAs, opipramol has very low affinity for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and virtually no anticholinergic effects. [23] [25] Sigma receptors are a set of proteins located in the endoplasmic reticulum.
GLP-1 drugs used for weight loss involve all kinds of side effects—good and not-so-good—that may or may not strike the average user. (Reminder that there are many of these meds now. GLP-1s ...
An H 3 receptor antagonist is a type of antihistaminic drug used to block the action of histamine at H 3 receptors.. Unlike the H 1 and H 2 receptors which have primarily peripheral actions, but cause sedation if they are blocked in the brain, H 3 receptors are primarily found in the brain and are inhibitory autoreceptors located on histaminergic nerve terminals, which modulate the release of ...
A study confirmed that side effects like pancreatitis and kidney damage are possible while taking GLP-1s like Ozempic. Here's what a doctor wants you to know.
Dosulepin, also known as dothiepin and sold under the brand name Prothiaden among others, is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) which is used in the treatment of depression. [4] [6] [7] Dosulepin was once the most frequently prescribed antidepressant in the United Kingdom, but it is no longer widely used due to its relatively high toxicity in overdose without therapeutic advantages over other TCAs.
Nearly one in three Americans over the age of 60 — roughly 19 million people — take aspirin daily, according to a 2021 study in Annals of Internal Medicine.. Should you be among that group?
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related to: cinnarizine and flunarizine together for anxiety side effects