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SARS‑CoV‑2 belongs to the broad family of viruses known as coronaviruses. [28] It is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) virus, with a single linear RNA segment. Coronaviruses infect humans, other mammals, including livestock and companion animals, and avian species. [104]
The infection of new-born chicks was characterized by gasping and listlessness with high mortality rates of 40–90%. [16] Leland David Bushnell and Carl Alfred Brandly isolated the virus that caused the infection in 1933. [17] The virus was then known as infectious bronchitis virus (IBV).
A COVID-19 vaccine is intended to provide acquired immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 . Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, an established body of knowledge existed about the structure and function of coronaviruses causing diseases like severe acute ...
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is expanding its infectious disease surveillance program at four major US airports to more than 30 pathogens, including flu, RSV and other ...
[1] [2] [3] As of 3 February 2025, 777,334,464 [4] cases have been stated by government agencies from around the world to be confirmed. Of the 248 recognized countries and territories around the world, 229 have reported cases of COVID-19 [5]. For more international statistics in table and map form, see COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory.
A mutation that speeds up COVID-19’s spread might explain why the virus—known as SARS-CoV-2—has so rapidly moved through North America and Europe, where the G614 mutated version is predominant.
COVID‑19 is most known for affecting the upper respiratory tract (sinuses, nose, and throat) and the lower respiratory tract (windpipe and lungs). [125] The lungs are the organs most affected by COVID‑19 because the virus accesses host cells via the receptor for the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is most abundant on ...
[40] [33] So we expect the highest concentration of virus-containing droplets to be directly in front of an infected person, which suggests that the risk of transmission is greatest within three to six feet of the source of the infection. [10] [3] But breath contains many droplets that smaller than 100 micrometres in size, and these can stay ...