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Formic acid (from Latin formica 'ant'), systematically named methanoic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid, and has the chemical formula HCOOH and structure H−C(=O)−O−H. It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in some ants.
Formylation generally involves the use of formylation agents, reagents that give rise to the CHO group. Among the many formylation reagents, particularly important are formic acid and carbon monoxide. [1] A formylation reaction in organic chemistry refers to organic reactions in which an organic compound is functionalized with a formyl group ...
Triethyl orthoformate is an organic compound with the formula HC(OC 2 H 5) 3.This colorless volatile liquid, the ortho ester of formic acid, is commercially available.The industrial synthesis is from hydrogen cyanide and ethanol.
Hydrolysis of methyl formate gives formic acid and regenerates methanol: HCOOCH 3 → HCOOH + CH 3 OH. Formic acid is used for many applications in industry. Formate esters often are fragrant or have distinctive odors. Compared to the more common acetate esters, formate esters are less commonly used commercially because they are less stable. [5]
The systematic IUPAC name is not always the preferred IUPAC name, for example, lactic acid is a common, and also the preferred, name for what systematic rules call 2-hydroxypropanoic acid. This list is ordered by the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid.
Formic acid can also be obtained by reacting ammonium formate with a dilute acid, and since ammonium formate is also produced from formic acid, it can serve as a way of storing formic acid. Ammonium formate can also be used in palladium on carbon (Pd/C) reduction of functional groups.
The simplest carboxylic acid, formic acid (HC(=O)−OH), is a moderately strong organic acid with a pK a of 3.7. We would expect vinylogous carboxylic acids to have similar acidity. Indeed, the vinylog of formic acid, 2-formyl-1-ethen-1-ol, HC(=O)−CH=CH−OH has a substantial Brønsted acidity, with an estimated pK a ~ 5–6.
Aluminium formate is the aluminium salt of formic acid, with the chemical formula Al(HCOO) 3. It can be produced via the reaction of aluminium soaps and formic acid. [1] Reaction between formic acid and aluminium hydroxide yields Al(HCOO) 3 (CO 2) 0.75 (H 2 O) 0.25 (HCOOH) 0.25. Upon activation at 180 °C, guest molecules are removed to obtain ...