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Typical antipsychotics block the dopamine 2 receptor (D2) receptor, causing a tranquilizing effect. [5] It is thought that 60–80% of D2 receptors need to be occupied for antipsychotic effect. [5] For reference, the typical antipsychotic haloperidol tends to block about 80% of D2 receptors at doses ranging from 2 to 5 mg per day. [5]
The term neuroleptic is often used as a synonym for antipsychotic, even though – strictly speaking – the two terms are not interchangeable. Antipsychotic drugs are a subgroup of neuroleptic drugs, because the latter have a wider range of effects. [280] [281] Antipsychotics are a type of psychoactive or psychotropic medication. [282] [283]
Clozapine, sold under the brand name Clozaril among others, is a psychiatric medication and was the first atypical antipsychotic to be discovered. [6] It is primarily used to treat people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder who have had an inadequate response to two other antipsychotics, or who have been unable to tolerate other drugs due to extrapyramidal side effects.
For example, the use of low-dose antipsychotic medication is promoted ("start low, go slow"), with a need for monitoring of side effects and an intensive and deliberate period of psycho-education for patients and families that are new to the mental health system.
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a branch of clinical chemistry and clinical pharmacology that specializes in the measurement of medication levels in blood.Its main focus is on drugs with a narrow therapeutic range, i.e. drugs that can easily be under- or overdosed. [1]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 16 September 2024. Chemical compound Pharmaceutical compound Pimozide Clinical data Trade names Orap AHFS / Drugs.com Monograph MedlinePlus a686018 License data US FDA: Pimozide Pregnancy category AU: B1 Routes of administration Oral Drug class Typical antipsychotic ATC code N05AG02 (WHO) Legal status ...
Antipsychotics by class Generic name Brand names Chemical class ATC code Typical antipsychotics; Acepromazine: Atravet, Acezine: phenothiazine: N05AA04
Many people can eventually be restarted on a lower dose of antipsychotic. [2] [3] As of 2011, among those in psychiatric hospitals on antipsychotics about 15 per 100,000 are affected per year (0.015%). [1] In the second half of the 20th century rates were over 100 times higher at about 2% (2,000 per 100,000). [1]