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Buddhist meditation is the practice of meditation in Buddhism.The closest words for meditation in the classical languages of Buddhism are bhāvanā ("mental development") [note 1] and jhāna/dhyāna (a state of meditative absorption resulting in a calm and luminous mind).
The Dzogchen meditation practices include a series of exercises known as semdzin (sems 'dzin), [27] which literally means "to hold the mind" or "to fix mind." [ 27 ] They include a whole range of methods, including fixation, breathing, and different body postures, all aiming to calm the mind and bring one into the state of contemplation.
It is usual that after achieving susoku, the practitioner initiates koan kufu or meditation with koan. [9] Some masters consider it a beginnier technique or a breathing exercise. [8] [9] Even then, some masters still recommend susoku as a way to assist koan meditation or for its value alone.
The Ānāpānasati Sutta prescribes mindfulness of inhalation and exhalation as an element of mindfulness of the body, and recommends the practice of mindfulness of breathing as a means of cultivating the seven factors of awakening, which is an alternative formulation or description of the process of dhyana: sati (mindfulness), dhamma vicaya (analysis), viriya (persistence), pīti (rapture ...
Kodo Sawaki practicing zazen. Zazen is a meditative discipline that is typically the primary practice of the Zen Buddhist tradition. [1] [2]The generalized Japanese term for meditation is 瞑想 (meisō); however, zazen has been used informally to include all forms of seated Buddhist meditation.
Meditative postures or meditation seats are the body positions or asanas, usually sitting but also sometimes standing or reclining, used to facilitate meditation. Best known in the Buddhist and Hindu traditions are the lotus and kneeling positions; other options include sitting on a chair, with the spine upright.
A Japanese scroll of the Taima Mandala (c. 14th century) depicting the scenery of the Sutra of the Contemplation of Amitayus. Buddha contemplation (Chinese: guānfo 觀佛), is a central Buddhist meditation practice in East Asian Buddhism, especially popular in Pure Land Buddhism, but also found in other traditions such as East Asian Yogācāra, Tiantai and Huayan.
There are several exercises designed to develop mindfulness meditation, which may be aided by guided meditations "to get the hang of it". [9] [70] [note 3] As forms of self-observation and interoception, these methods increase awareness of the body, so they are usually beneficial to people with low self-awareness or low awareness of their bodies or emotional state.