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A fluxgate inclinometer/compass. The basic fluxgate compass is a simple electromagnetic device that employs two or more small coils of wire around a core of highly permeable magnetic material, to directly sense the direction of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field.
A Flinders bar is a vertical soft iron bar placed in a tube on the fore side of a compass binnacle. The Flinders bar is used to counteract the vertical magnetism inherent within a ship and is usually calibrated as part of the process known as swinging the compass , where deviations caused by this inherent magnetism are negated by the use of ...
A sample compass correction card, showing the deviation correction for a given heading. Once the compass has been corrected using small magnets fitted in the base and with soft iron balls, any residual deviation is recorded as a table or graph: the compass correction card, which is kept on board near the compass. [6]
6 - Magnetic variation, caused by variations in Earth's magnetic field. 7 - Compass heading or compass course, before correction for magnetic deviation or magnetic variation. 8 - Magnetic heading, the compass heading corrected for magnetic deviation but not magnetic variation; thus, the heading reliative to magnetic north.
In electromagnetism and materials science, the Jiles–Atherton model of magnetic hysteresis was introduced in 1984 by David Jiles and D. L. Atherton. [1] This is one of the most popular models of magnetic hysteresis. Its main advantage is the fact that this model enables connection with physical parameters of the magnetic material. [2]
Examples are volume and the number of particles, which can both be constrained by enclosing the system in a box. [5] On the other hand, there is no experimental method that can directly hold the magnetic moment to a specified constant value. Nevertheless, this experimental concern does not affect the thermodynamic theory of magnetic systems.
In a real sample the magnetic anisotropy parameter K u will be different for each particle. This does not change the ratio M rs / M s , but it does change the overall shape of the loop. [ 3 ] A parameter that is often used to characterize the shape of the loop is the ratio H cr / H c , which is 1.09 for a sample with identical particles and ...
Direction determination refers to the ways in which a cardinal direction or compass point can be determined in navigation and wayfinding.The most direct method is using a compass (magnetic compass or gyrocompass), but indirect methods exist, based on the Sun path (unaided or by using a watch or sundial), the stars, and satellite navigation.